文旅融合政策创新体系研究——基于中央政策文本的“主体-路径-工具”三维框架分析  

Research on the Policy Innovation System of Cultural and Tourism Integration in China:A Three-dimensional Framework Analysis Based on Central Policy Texts on Subjects,Paths,and Tools

作　　者：龙云[1] 江金波[1] 徐强[1,2] 刘荣荣[1] LONG Yun;JIANG Jinbo;XU Qiang;LIU Rongrong(Department of Tourism Management,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Tourism and Aviation Services,Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学旅游管理系,广东广州510006 [2]贵州民族大学旅游与航空服务学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2024年第5期31-44,共14页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国式现代化进程中文化和旅游深度融合发展研究”(23ZDA091);广东省自然科学基金项目“文化和旅游产业融合的政策创新:驱动机制、扩散效应及其路径优化研究”(2023A1515011882)共同资助。

摘　　要：机构改革开启了文旅融合政策创新的新篇章,中央发布的文旅融合政策对地方政策创新和行业实践发挥“风向标”作用,但学界一般关注的是文化旅游政策,而非融合相关政策,也鲜少以一个立体化的研究框架去分析其结构和关联特征。文章以中央政策文本为例,构建了“政策主体-融合路径-政策工具”三维框架,研究有以下发现。(1)文旅融合政策创新主体以文化和旅游部、国家发展和改革委员会以及财政部等部门为主,发文方式独立创新为主、合作创新为辅。政策文件的主体属性包括单核、多核、单边等6种。(2)融合路径存在偏好性,以体制融合、业态融合和产品融合为主,其中,政策支撑、产业融合类型和高品质文旅产品等细分类别较为突出,其他路径政策内容相对较少。(3)政策工具的使用具有倾向性,以供给型为主、环境型为辅,需求型最少,其中,产业培育、目标定位、示范试点和公共服务是较为重要的工具类别。(4)文旅融合政策创新共有386条创新路径,提炼出6类典型政策创新路径。政策创新逻辑是以核心层部门为主,从体制、产品和业态等融合路径,调动供给型、环境型工具促进文旅融合。该研究进一步提出制定文旅融合专项政策、加强主体合作、优化融合路径和均衡政策工具4点政策优化建议,具有一定的理论意义和实践价值。Institutional reform has recently led to initiation of a new phase of policy innovation in the integration of culture and tourism in China.The cultural and tourism integration policy issued by the central government has played a"wind vane"type of role in local policy innovation and industry practice.However,scholars have focused on cultural tourism policies rather than policies related to integration.There is a research gap in the association and structural characteristics of the cultural tourism integration policy innovation system.The present study developed a three-dimensional framework consisting of policy subjects,integration pathways,and policy tools,based on central government policy documents.We obtained the following results.First,innovation in cultural and tourism integration policy involved various departments,including the Ministry of Culture and Tourism,National Development and Reform Commission,and Ministry of Finance.Independent innovation was the primary mode,supplemented by collaborative innovation.The main atributes of policy documents included single-core,multi-core,and single-sided.Second,some integration pathways,such as institutional,product,and industrial integration,were preferred over others.Within these categories,policies that policy support,industry integration types,and high-quality cultural tourism products were prominent,while other pathway policies were less.Third,the use of policy tools exhibited a tendency with supplyside tools dominant,environmental tools secondary,and demand-side tools the least used.Industry cultivation,target positioning,demonstration pilot projects,and public services were among the critical tool categories.Fourth and finally,there were 386 innovative paths in total in the integration policies of culture and tourism,with six typical policy innovation paths extracted.The logic of policy innovation was centered on core departments,using integration paths such as institutional,product,and industrial,while mobilizing supply-side and environmental tools to promot

关 键 词：文旅融合 政策创新体系 政策主体 融合路径 政策工具 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]