西欧国家文博政策及行业发展研究——以法国、德国、西班牙为例  

Museum Industry in Western European Countries:Research on Policies and Trends,with Examples from France,Germany,and Spain

作　　者：周天爽 Zhou Tianshuang

机构地区：[1]中国国家博物馆,北京100006

出　　处：《博物馆管理》2024年第2期4-14,共11页Museum Management

摘　　要：法国、德国、西班牙作为西欧极具文化影响力的国家,其博物馆数量众多,藏品质量较高,对世界文化遗产的保护和传承发挥了重要作用。三个国家的博物馆建设均受到政府支持,并根据本国的历史、社会和经济条件,形成了相应的管理模式、制定了符合各自战略需求的文博政策。在博物馆的发展理念上,三个国家也有着共同的特点,即强调博物馆的公共性、教育性、创新性和社会性。本文将以法、德、西三国为例,分析三个国家的文博政策及行业现状、特色及发展趋势,以期为我国文博行业发展提供有益的借鉴和启示。In France,Germany,and Spain,three major cultural powers in Western Europe,there are numerous museums with high-quality collections,playing an important role in the protection and inheritance of world cultural heritage.Similarly,museums in these three countries all receive government support and have developed corresponding management models and industry policies that meet their respective strategic needs based on their different conditions in history,society and economy.In terms of development concept,the three countries share similarities in their emphasis on the public,educational,innovative,and social aspects of museums.With examples from France,Germany,and Spain,this article will analyze the cultural and museum policies,industry status,characteristics,and development trends,in order to provide useful reference and inspiration for the development of China's cultural and museum industry.

关 键 词：欧洲博物馆 文化传承 博物馆管理 

分 类 号：G269.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]