18世纪英格兰湿地开发动因初探  

An Exploration on the Motivation of Wetland Development in 18th Century England

作　　者：孙海鹏 梁云起 SUN Hai-peng;LIANG Yun-qi(School of History,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei 071000)

机构地区：[1]河北大学历史学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《泰山学院学报》2024年第2期107-112,共6页Journal of Taishan University

摘　　要：英格兰湿地资源丰富,人类活动历史悠久,规模性开发始于17世纪。18世纪以来,英格兰人口快速增长,劳动力逐步向城市聚集,市场上对粮食的需求日益扩大。随着金融体系的不断完善,议会圈地推动土地确权,湿地逐步纳入市场体系。工业革命的开展为农业生产提供了新工具,特别是抽水机械的推广为湿地进一步开发创造了条件。在多重因素的影响下,英格兰湿地开发迎来新局面。England is abundant in wetland resources,with a long history of human activities.In the 17th century,large-scale development began to emerge.Since the 18th century,the population of England grew rapidly,and labors gradually moved towards urban areas,leading to an increasing demand for food in the market.With the continuous improvement of the financial system,parliamentary enclosure promoted land privatization,and wetland society gradually incorporated into the market system.The Industrial Revolution also provided new tools for agricultural production,especially the widespread use of drainage machinery,which created new conditions for further wetland development.Under the influence of multiple factors,wetland in England entered a new era.

关 键 词：英格兰 湿地开发 工业革命 城市化 

分 类 号：K561.43[历史地理—历史学]