石棉县汉族与少数民族居民慢性病核心知识知晓状况及其影响因素  

Knowledge of core concepts regarding chronic diseases among Han and Minority residents in Shimian County

作　　者：徐新茂 龙宇 张换芳 彭银辉 马思思[1] 赵莉[1] 昝定强 蒋莉华 XU Xin-mao;LONG yu;ZHANG Huan-fang;PENG Yin-hui;MA Si-si;ZHAO Li;ZAN Ding-qiang;JIANG Li-hua(Department of Health Policy and Management,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院卫生政策与管理学系,成都610041 [2]石棉县疾病预防控制中心 [3]四川大学华西临床医学院/四川大学华西医院全科医学中心/全科医学教研室

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第10期1872-1877,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：石棉县慢性病防控社会因素调查项目(SCUSK1119)。

摘　　要：目的了解四川南部少数民族聚居地石棉县居民慢性病核心知识知晓状况及其影响因素,为慢性病防治知识科普提供策略建议。方法采用多阶段随机抽样于2022年5—11月在石棉县抽取4160名18岁及以上常住居民进行入户问卷调查,分别计算汉族和少数民族居民慢性病核心知识得分和知晓率,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析不同民族居民慢性病核心知识知晓状况及其影响因素。结果石棉县居民慢性病核心知识的得分中位数为40分,其中汉族居民慢性病核心知识得分中位数50分,高于少数民族的得分中位数40分(Z=-3.905,P<0.001)。石棉县居民慢性病核心知识知晓率为36.7%,汉族居民知晓率(38.1%)高于少数民族(31.6%)(χ^(2)=12.544,P<0.001)。汉族和少数民族居民对慢性病防控社会责任回答正确率最高(汉族:68.89%;少数民族:67.67%),对心血管病防治方面的知识回答正确率最低(汉族:18.60%;少数民族:19.47%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,无论汉族或者少数民族,文化程度本科及以上(汉族:OR=3.77,95%CI:1.99~4.32;少数民族:OR=9.98,95%CI:5.61~17.72)、体力活动充足(汉族:OR=2.30,95%CI:1.97~2.69;少数民族:OR=1.89,95%CI:1.36~2.62)是慢性病核心知识知晓的促进因素,从事非体力劳动(汉族:OR=0.63,95%CI:0.54~0.73;少数民族:OR=0.46,95%CI:0.33~0.64)是居民慢性病核心知识知晓的妨碍因素,汉族居民中老年是慢性病核心知识知晓的妨碍因素(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.60~0.98)。结论石棉县各民族居民慢性病核心知识知晓水平均需要进一步提高,其中文化程度低、从事非体力劳动、体力活动不足者的居民是慢性病核心知识健康教育重点人群。Objective To understand the awareness of core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among multi-ethnic residents in Shimian County,a minority-concentrated area in southern Sichuan,and its influencing factors,and to provide strategic suggestions for Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases prevention and treatment.Methods A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 4160 permanent residents aged 18 and above in Shimian County from May to November 2022.The scores and awareness rates of the core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among Han and minority residents were calculated separately.A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the knowledge and awareness of the core Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among residents of different ethnic groups and their influencing factors.Results The median score for the core knowledge of chronic diseases among the residents of Shimian County was 40 points.Among them,the median score for the core knowledge of chronic diseases among Han residents was 50 points,which was higher than the median score of 40 for ethnic minorities(Z=-3.905,P<0.001).The awareness rate of core knowledge of chronic diseases among the residents of Shimian County was 36.7%,and the awareness rate among Han residents(38.1%)was higher than that of ethnic minorities(31.6%)(χ^(2)=12.544,P<0.001).Both Han and ethnic minority residents had the highest correct answer rate for social responsibility for chronic disease prevention and control(Han:68.89%;ethnic minorities:67.67%),and the lowest correct answer rate for knowledge about cardiovascular disease prevention(Han:18.60%;ethnic minorities:19.47%).The results of multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that regardless of Han or ethnic minorities,having a bachelor’s degree or above(Han:OR=3.77,95%CI:1.99-4.32;ethnic minorities:OR=9.98,95%CI:5.61-17.72)and sufficient physical activity(Han:OR=2.30,95%CI:1.97-2.69;ethnic minorities:OR=1.89,95%CI:1.36-2.62)were promoting factors for the aware

关 键 词：慢性病核心知识 知晓率 少数民族 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]