城市社区老年人慢性肾脏病现状及其影响因素研究  

Current situations and influencing factors of chronic kidney disease among the elderly in urban communities

作　　者：付林 夏舟容 蔡鹏[2] 彭长燕 谢林伸[1] 杨洋[1] FU Lin;XIA Zhou-rong;CAI Peng;PENG Chang-yan;XIE Lin-shen;YANG Yang(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [2]成都市青羊区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第10期1908-1913,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：成都市青羊区慢病干预研究(0040405502588)。

摘　　要：目的了解城市社区老年人慢性肾脏病患病现状并分析其影响因素。方法数据来源于2019年成都市青羊区国家基本公共卫生服务项目65岁及以上的老年人健康体检数据。根据慢性肾脏病流行病学合作组织的血清肌酐(CKD-EPI)方程估计肾小球滤过率,慢性肾脏病定义为肾小球滤过率小于60 ml/min/1.73 m^(2)。运用Kruskal-Wallis H检验、χ^(2)检验和线性趋势χ^(2)检验比较不同特征城市社区老年人的慢性肾脏病患病差异,通过多因素logistic回归分析模型探究城市社区老年人慢性肾脏病的影响因素。结果23851名城市社区老年人慢性肾脏病患病率9.8%,知晓率6.7%。多因素logistic回归结果显示,高龄(OR=9.874,95%CI:8.576~11.369,P<0.001)、吸烟(OR=1.221,95%CI:1.031~1.447,P=0.021)、血脂异常(OR=1.400,95%CI:1.274~1.539,P<0.001)、高血压(OR=1.711,95%CI:1.546~1.894,P<0.001)和糖尿病(OR=1.151,95%CI:1.043~1.270,P=0.005)与慢性肾脏病呈正向相关。接受高等教育(OR=0.644,95%CI:0.526~0.787,P<0.001和每天进行体育锻炼(OR=0.647,95%CI:0.571~0.732,P<0.001)与慢性肾脏病呈现负向相关。结论城市社区老年人慢性肾脏病的患病率高、知晓率低,应优化城市社区老年人慢性肾脏病管理,预防老年人慢性肾脏病发生发展。Objective To understand the current situation of chronic kidney disease in the elderly in urban communities and to explore its influencing factors.Methods The data were based on the National Basic Public Health Service Project in Qingyang District,Chengdu in 2019.The physical examination data of the elderly aged 65 years or older were used and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)was calculated from serum creatinine using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)equation.CKD was defined as eGFR less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m^(2).Kruskal-Wallis H test,Chi-square test and linear trend Chi-square test were used to compare the differences in the prevalence of CKD among the elderly in urban communities with different characteristics,and the influencing factors of CKD among the elderly in urban communities were explored by multivariate logistic regression model.Results Among the 23851 elderly in urban communities,the prevalence of CKD was 9.8%,and the awareness rate was 6.7%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age 80 years or older(OR=9.874,95%CI:8.576-11.369,P<0.001),smoking(OR=1.221,95%CI:1.031-1.447,P=0.021),dyslipidemia(OR=1.400,95%CI:1.274-1.539,P<0.001),hypertension(OR=1.711,95%CI:1.546-1.894,P<0.001)and diabetes(OR=1.151,95%CI:1.043-1.27,P=0.005)were positively related to CKD.Higher education(OR=0.644,95%CI:0.526-0.787,P<0.001)and everyday physical activity(OR=0.647,95%CI:0.571-0.732,P<0.001)were negatively related to CKD.Conclusion The prevalence of CKD in the elderly in urban communities is high,but the awareness rate is low.To optimize the management of CKD in urban communities and aim at lowering the development of CKD and slowing its progression.

关 键 词：慢性肾脏病 影响因素 城市老年人 国家基本公共卫生服务 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]