城市老人子代照料者的压力过程机制与社会支持效果——非正式支持与正式支持的双调节作用  

The Stress Process Mechanism and Social Support Effect of Urban Elderly Offspring Caregivers——The Dual Moderating Effect of Informal Sur port and Formal Support

作　　者：李放[1] 饶丹 沈苏燕[1] Li Fang;Rao Dan;Shen Suyan(College of Public Administration,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第2期54-62,143,共10页Journal of Zhengzhou University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“农民获得更多土地财产权益的体制机制创新研究”(项目编号:17ZDA076);国家自然科学基金面上项目“子女抚育与城镇夫妻劳动配置研究:福利挤压的视角”(项目编号:71974099);国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于长三角城市群的政策环境适宜性对流动人口居留质量的影响研究:理论机理、效应识别与策略优化”(项目编号:72374106);江苏省社会科学基金青年项目“江苏农村困难群体养老服务精准化研究”(项目编号:22SHC007)。

摘　　要：基于压力过程与社会支持缓冲理论,运用8省份1541份调研数据和结构方程模型,探究非正式支持与正式支持在城市老人子代照料者的客观压力源与主观照料压力之间的调节作用,并从血缘关系和女性视角分别对比不同子代的人群差异。研究发现:老人照料需求、子女照料强度和压力评价之间具有显著的正向关系,社会支持在子女照料强度与照料压力之间存在负向调节作用,且非正式支持的调节作用大于正式支持。在不同子代群体中,儿子更得益于正式支持的作用,女儿和儿媳等女性照料者则更加依赖于非正式支持的调节。未来应从家庭整体视角建立完善的照料需求评估制度,通过树立照料者性别平等意识,提高已有政策利用度和替代性服务获得性等方式缓解照料压力。Based on the stress process and social support buffering theory,1541 survey data from 8 provinces in China and structural equation modeling were utilized to explore the moderating effect of informal support and formal support between the objective stressors and subjective caregiving stress among Offspring Caregivers of the Urban Elderly,and to compare the differences in the population of different offspring from blood relationship and female perspective,respectively.The study found that there was a significant positive impact between the elderly caregiving needs,the caregiving intensity of the offspring and stress assessment,while social support has a negative moderating effect between the caregiving intensity and caregiving stress of adult child caregivers,and the moderating effect of informal support was greater than formal support.Among different offspring groups,sons benefited more from the role of formal support,while female caregivers such as daughters and daughters-in-law relied more on the moderating role of informal support.In the future,a comprehensive caregiving needs assessment system should be established from the perspective of the family as a whole,and caregiving pressure should be alleviated by building caregivers'awareness of gender equality and increasing the utilization of existing policies and access toalternativeservices.

关 键 词：家庭照料者 压力源 照料压力 非正式支持 正式支持 

分 类 号：D669.6[政治法律—政治学]