塔河稠油高黏特性及其侵入钻井液治理探索  

High Viscosity Characteristics of Heavy Oils Produced in Tahe Oilfield and Treatment of Drilling Fluids Contaminated by Invasion of the Heavy Oils

作　　者：刘湘华 范胜 张淑霞[3] 李双贵[1,2] 于洋[1,2] 沐宝泉[3] 刘贺[3] LIU Xianghua;FAN Sheng;ZHANG Shuxia;LI Shuanggui;YU Yang;MU Baoquan;LIU He(Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Branch,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011;Key Laboratory for EOR of Fracture Vuggy Reservoir of Sinopec,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011;China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,Shandong 266580)

机构地区：[1]中国石化西北油田分公司,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国石化缝洞型油藏提高采收率重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国石油大学(华东)化学化工学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《钻井液与完井液》2024年第2期198-204,共7页Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金“稠环芳烃对CO水热变换新生氢的富存作用机制及协同调控稠油改质研究”(ZR2017BB021);中国博士后科学基金面上项目“CO水热变换新生氢对稠环芳烃氢化的作用机制研究”(2016M602219)。

摘　　要：为了解决塔河高黏稠油侵害钻井液的问题,研究对比了塔河稠油与典型劣质重油的关键性质及塔河稠油沥青质-甲苯溶液黏度随浓度的变化规律,发现塔河稠油的高黏特性主要原因是沥青质含量高与芳香度高,以此为基础,设计2种实验方案。一是针对钻井初期稠油侵入量少的情况,通过在钻井液中添加适宜的分散剂和芳香馏分的复配体系,将稠油进行分散,结果为5#钻井液体系效果最好,TH121155X井稠油在无固钻井液中的分散度超过99%。二是针对稠油侵入量大的情况,对稠油进行包裹,使稠油失去黏附性,降低稠油在钻具上黏附,确保地面振动筛能够顺利筛分。研究数据表明,BGJ-2-4复配的包裹剂对塔河TH12471H井稠油具有良好的包裹效果,罐黏附率仅为0.3%。High viscosity heavy oil invasion in the Tahe block have caused serious damage to the properties of the drilling fluids.To deal with this problem,the key properties of the Tahe heavy oils and those of the typical poor quality heavy oils were compared,and the change of the viscosity of the Tahe heavy oil asphaltenes in toluene solution with the concentration of the heavy oils was studied.It was found that the high viscosity of the Tahe heavy oils comes from high asphaltene content and high aromaticity.Based on this finding,two programs were prepared;one is,at the time when there is only slight heavy oil invasion,a compound additive containing appropriate dispersants and aromatic fraction can be added into the contaminated drilling fluid to disperse the heavy oils.This treatment has been best done in the 5#drilling fluid.In drilling the well TH121155X,the dispersity of the heavy oils in the solids-free drilling fluid was more than 99%.The other treatment involves the contamination of drilling fluids by large amount of heavy oils.In this treatment the heavy oils are wrapped up by wrapping agents and therefore lose their adhesiveness.The adhesiveness of the wrapped heavy oils on the surfaces of the drilling tools is minimized and the heavy oils can thus be effectively and efficiently separated out by the shale shakers.Study results show that wrapping agent BGJ-2-4 has good wrapping capacity for the treatment of heavy oils found in the well TH12471H,and the adhesion rate on the walls of mud tanks is only 0.3%.

关 键 词：稠油 钻井液 分散剂 包裹剂 

分 类 号：TE254[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]