常州市存活的HIV感染者/AIDS病人抑郁状况相关因素分析  

Factors related to depression symptoms among people living with HIV/AIDS in Changzhou City

作　　者：马靖 孙丽 王金塔[3] 卞琛 MA Jing;SUN Li;WANG Jinta;BIAN Chen(School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211166,China;Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China;Changzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou,Jiangsu 213022,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211166 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336 [3]常州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏常州213022

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第5期586-589,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：常州市卫生健康委重大科技项目(ZD202033);常州市卫生健康委青苗人才工程(CZQM2020111)。

摘　　要：目的了解常州市存活的HIV感染者/AIDS病人(people living with HIV/AIDS,PLWHA)的抑郁现状,识别个体危险因素,探究出现抑郁症状的相关因素。方法选取2021年6—9月常州市病例数较多的两个区开展横断面调查,在随访时愿意接受调查且符合纳入条件的PLWHA作为本研究的调查对象,满足样本量要求即停止调查。抑郁情况采用美国国立精神卫生研究所流调中心抑郁量表中文版(Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale,CES-D)进行评估。结果本研究共纳入306例PLWHA,其中25.5%(78例)有抑郁症状,PLWHA的CES-D量表平均得分为(11.1±8.9)分。多因素logistic回归结果显示,PLWHA的抑郁症状与抗病毒治疗有副作用、社交困难有关。PLWHA有抑郁症状者与无抑郁症状者相比,抗病毒治疗有副作用(OR=2.486,95%CI:1.160~5.330)、社会交往有困难(OR=2.503,95%CI:1.046~5.990)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PLWHA中抗病毒治疗有副作用以及社交有困难者出现抑郁症状的风险较高。建议使用副作用小、耐药少的抗病毒治疗药物,优化、简化治疗方案,减少PLWHA生理和心理上的痛苦,从而提高该人群的治疗依从性;建议推动反歧视倡导工作,减少社会大众对AIDS的恐惧、偏见、歧视,为PLWHA营造健康良好的社交环境,降低抑郁症状的发生率。Objective To understand the current status of depression among people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA)in Changzhou City,to identify individual risk factors,and to explore the factors associated with depression symptoms.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two districts with a large number of cases in Changzhou City from June to September 2021.PLWHA who were willing to accept the survey and met the inclusion criteria during follow-up were selected as the survey subjects for this study.The survey was stopped when the sample size requirements were met.The status of depression was evaluated using the Chinese version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)issued by the National Institute of Mental Health.Results A total of 306 cases of PLWHA were enrolled into this study,among which 25.5%(78/306)haddepression symptoms.The average score of CES-D in the PLWHA was(11.1±8.9)points.The results of multivariate logistic regression displayed that the depression symptoms of PLWHA were related to adverse effects of antiviral therapy and difficulties in social interaction.There were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in the adverse effects of antiviral therapy(OR=2.486,95%CI:1.160-5.330)and difficulties in social interaction(OR=2.503,95%CI:1.046-5.990)between PLWHA with and without depression symptoms,showing statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion PLWHA with adverse effects of antiviral therapy and difficulties in social interaction are at higher risk of suffering from depression symptoms,suggesting that we should use antiviral drugs with less side effects and drug resistance,optimize and simplify treatment plans,and reduce the physiological and psychological pains of PLWHA so as to improve their treatment compliance;meanwhile,we should promote the work of anti-discrimination advocacy and reduce public fear,prejudice and discrimination towards AIDS so as to create a healthy and positive social environment for PLWHA and decrease the incidence rate of depression symptoms.

关 键 词：抑郁 流调中心抑郁量表中文版 人类免疫缺陷病毒 艾滋病 

分 类 号：R183.9[医药卫生—流行病学]