超声法制备非金属及其化合物量子点研究进展  

Research progress in the quantum dots of nonmetals and their compounds prepared by ultrasonic method

作　　者：张泰玮 胡坤 李国彬 杨奥 夏溢坪 李学铭[1] 唐利斌[2,3] 杨培志 Zhang Taiwei;Hu Kun;Li Guobin;Yang Ao;Xia Yiping;Li Xueming;Tang Libin;Yang Peizhi(School of Energy and Environmental Sciences,Key Laboratory of Advanced Technique&Preparation for Renewable Energy Materials,Ministry of Education,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China;Kunming Institute of Physics,Kunming,Yunnan 650223,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Advanced Photoelectric Materials&Devices,Kunming,Yunnan 650223,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院可再生能源材料先进技术与制备教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明物理研究所,云南昆明650223 [3]云南省先进光电材料与器件重点实验室,云南昆明650223

出　　处：《光电工程》2024年第4期1-16,共16页Opto-Electronic Engineering

基　　金：云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划项目(202205AC160026);“春城计划”高层次人才引进培养工程(2022SCP005)。

摘　　要：量子点(Quantum dots,QDs)晶粒直径在1~20 nm之间,是一种零维的纳米材料,具有尺寸可调、激发光谱宽、高量子效率、宽波长范围、光化学稳定性高、不易光解等优异的光学特性。当量子点的尺寸接近或小于激子波尔半径时,原有的连续能带结构量子化,其性质也发生显著变化,表现出优异的光电性能。本综述介绍了量子点的制备方法,其中,超声法作为一种常见的“自上而下”方法,因操作简单、对环境友好等优点被广泛使用。首先,概述了利用超声法制备非金属和非金属化合物量子点的机理和表征技术,并分析了分散剂、超声功率和时间等因素对其尺寸及形貌的影响。随后,对超声法制备的非金属和非金属化合物量子点在激光器、太阳能电池等领域的应用展开了讨论,并针对目前研究存在的一些挑战和难题,提出了自己的观点和见解。最后,对超声法制备非金属单质及非金属化合物量子点进行了总结和展望。Quantum dots(QDs),with diameters ranging from 1 to 20 nm,are zero-dimensional nanomaterials.They possess excellent optical properties,including size tunability,broad excitation spectra,high quantum efficiency,wide wavelength range,high photostability,and low photolysis.When the size of QDs approaches or becomes smaller than the exciton Bohr radius,the original material's continuous band structure undergoes quantization,leading to significant changes in properties and exhibiting outstanding optoelectronics performance.This review introduces the preparation methods of QDs,among which the ultrasonic method,as a common"top-down"method,is widely used because of its advantages of simple operation and environmental friendliness.Firstly,the mechanism and characterization techniques of non-metal and non-metallic compound QDs prepared by the ultrasonic method were prepared,and the effects of dispersants agent,ultrasonic power,and time on their size and morphology were analyzed.Subsequently,the application of non-metal and non-metallic compounds QDs prepared by the ultrasonic method in laser,solar cell,and other fields is discussed.The challenges and issues in current research are addressed,and personal perspectives and insights are provided.Finally,the prospect is given.

关 键 词：量子点 纳米材料 超声法 非金属单质 非金属化合物 

分 类 号：O472.3[理学—半导体物理]