数字技术应用与企业出口表现——以中关村国家自主创新示范区企业为例  

Digital Technology Application and Enterprises'Export Performance:Evidence from the Zhongguancun National Innovation Demonstration Zone's Enterprises

作　　者：蔡宏波[1] 韩金镕 Cai Hongbo;Han Jinrong(Business School,Beijing Normal University;Institute of International Economy,University of International Business and Economics)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院 [2]对外经济贸易大学国际经济研究院

出　　处：《管理世界》2024年第5期58-70,共13页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“开放经济安全监测预警和综合评估研究”(基金号:21&ZD086);国家自然科学基金面上项目“贸易伙伴、商品结构与环境污染”(基金号:72073013);北京师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(基金号:1233300001);对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(基金号:23QD26)的资助。

摘　　要：数字技术应用是推动贸易主体数字化转型,实现对外贸易高质量发展的重要举措。本文采用2014~2019年中关村国家自主创新示范区企业数据,实证研究了数字技术应用对企业出口表现的影响。研究发现,数字技术应用显著促进了企业出口增长与出口升级,体现为出口概率、出口总额、高新技术产品出口额及高新技术产品出口占比的提升。但不同数字技术对企业出口的影响具有异质性,底层技术层面的数字技术有利于企业高新技术产品出口表现,而技术应用层面的数字技术主要作用于企业出口规模的提升。另外,数字技术应用对民营企业和大中型企业的出口增长与升级作用更大。机制检验表明,数字技术应用通过技术范式重塑和就业技能结构优化促进了企业出口增长与升级。进一步讨论发现,国家创新导向减税政策与数字技术应用在促进企业出口方面具有联动作用。本文对于更好地发挥数字技术在扩大高水平对外开放中的作用具有一定的政策参考价值。The application of digital technology is an important measure to promote the digital transformation of trade entities and achieve high-quality development of export trade.Using the Zhongguancun National Innovation Demonstration Zone's enterprise data from 2014 to2019,this paper empirically studies the impact of digital technology applicationon enterprisesexport performance.Wefind that digital technology application has significantly promoted the growth and upgrading of enterprises'export,reflecting in the increase in ex-port probability,total export volume,high-tech product export volume,and the proportion of high-tech product export.However,the im-pact of different digital technologies is heterogeneous.Digital technology at the underlying technological level is beneficial for the export performance of high-tech products,while digital technology at the application level mainly plays a role in increasing the export scale.In addition,digital technology has a greater impact on the export growth and upgrading of private enterprises and large and medium-sized en-terprises.Mechanism tests indicate that,digital technology has promoted export growth and upgrading of enterprises through reshaping tech-nological paradigms and optimizing employment skill structures.We further find that the national innovation-oriented tax reduction policy and the application of digital technology have a linkage effect in promoting enterprises export.This paper provides a reference for better leveraging the role of digital technology in expanding high-level opening-up to the world.

关 键 词：数字技术应用 出口增长 出口升级 高新技术产品出口 

分 类 号：F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易] TP399[经济管理—产业经济]