多种萜类化合物对松材线虫的毒力作用及复配组合筛选  

Toxicity of Terpenoids to Bursaphelenchus xylophilus andScreeningof Mixed Combinations

作　　者：左一凡 高凯 刘青华[2] 周志春[2] 李俊 李文华[2] Zuo Yifan;Gao Kai;Liu Qinghua;Zhou Zhichun;Li Jun;Li Wenhua(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Fuyang 311400,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江富阳311400

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第7期62-69,76,共9页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目(编号:2020C02007);江西省林业局林业科技创新专项(编号:创新专项【2021】13号);浙江省“十四五”育种专项林木协作组课题(编号:2021C02070-5-2)。

摘　　要：为探明不同松脂萜类化合物对松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)的毒杀作用,研发高效低毒的松材线虫绿色防治剂,采用线虫悬浮液+药剂的直接触杀法,进行室内毒力测定。基于前期研究基础,选择α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、柠檬烯和甲维·吡虫啉4种药剂,设置不同药剂浓度梯度和不同药剂组合配方处理,观察其对松材线虫致死率。结果表明:单药剂处理对松材线虫有不同程度的毒杀作用,随着药剂浓度的提高,松材线虫的死亡率逐渐增加,毒力大小顺序为甲维·吡虫啉>柠檬烯>β-蒎烯>α-蒎烯,6 h的半致死浓度依次为0.36、0.45、6.08和90.92。药剂两两复配处理后,各药剂组合均表现出杀灭松材线虫的增效或相加作用,柠檬烯(3.60 mg/mL)+甲维·吡虫啉(3.00 mg/mL)复配后对松材线虫的致死率最高,达99.87%。正交实验确定了4种药剂的最佳浓度,即α-蒎烯(90.00 mg/mL)、β-蒎烯(6.00 mg/mL)、柠檬烯(3.60 mg/mL)、甲维·吡虫啉(3.00 mg/mL),同时选出3种组配作为替代药剂。不同药剂对松材线虫病防治效果的室内试验结果表明,α-蒎烯(90.00 mg/mL)+β-蒎烯(6.00 mg/mL)+柠檬烯(3.60 mg/mL)+甲维·吡虫啉(3.00 mg/mL)防效最好,21 d内,防治率达43.9%。4种药剂中,甲维·吡虫啉对松材线虫的毒力最强,药剂复配后均比单药剂毒力更强,推荐(90.00 mg/mL)+β-蒎烯(6.00 mg/mL)+柠檬烯(3.60 mg/mL)+甲维·吡虫啉(3.00 mg/mL)甲维·吡虫啉的组合为首选药剂,与另外3组替代药剂交替使用,以研发高效低毒的松材线虫绿色防治剂。In order to find out the toxic effects of different terpenoids on Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,a green control agent with high efficiency and low toxicity was developed.The direct contact killing method of nematode suspension and pesticide was used to determine the toxicity in the laboratory.Based on the previous research,four insecticides,α-pinene,β-pinene,limonene and Emamectin Benzoate and Imidacloprid,were selected,and their lethal rate to PWD was observed by setting different concentration gradients and different combinations of insecticides.The results showed that the single pesticide treatment had different degrees of toxicity to PWD.With the increase of pesticide concentration,the mortality of PWD increased gradually,and the order of virulence was Emamectin Benzoate and Imidacloprid>limonene>β-pinene>α-pinene,and LC 50 for 6 h was 0.36,0.45,6.08 and 90.92.After the combination of pesticides in pairs,all the combinations of pesticides showed synergistic or additive effects in killing PWD,and the lethal rate of limonene(3.60 mg/mL)+Emamectin Benzoate and Imidacloprid(3.00 mg/mL)was the highest,reaching 99.87%.The optimum concentrations of four pesticides were determined by orthogonal experiment,namelyα-pinene(90.00 mg/mL),β-pinene(6.00 mg/mL),limonene(3.60 mg/mL)and emamectin benzoate imidacloprid(3.00 mg/mL),and three combinations were selected as substitute pesticides.The results of laboratory tests on the control effect of different pesticides on PWD showed thatα-pinene(90.00 mg/ml)+β-pinene(6.00 mg/ml)+limonene(3.60 mg/mL)+Emamectin Benzoate and Imidacloprid(3.00 mg/mL)had the best control effect within 21 days.Among the four insecticides,emamectin benzoate and imidacloprid have the strongest toxicity to PWD,and all the insecticides are more toxic than the single insecticide.It is recommended that(90.00 mg/ml)+β-pinene(6.00 mg/ml)+limonene(3.60 mg/mL)+emamectin benzoate and imidacloprid(3.00 mg/mL)are as the preferred agent,which can be used alternately with the other three groups of alternative

关 键 词：松材线虫 萜类化合物 药剂复配 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]