不同嫁接时间对油茶嫁接苗成活率及生长状况的影响  

Effect of Grafting Time on Survival Rate and Growth of Camellia OleiferaGrafted Seedlings

作　　者：卢金表 Lu Jinbiao(Office of Natural Forest Protection and Returning Farmland to Forests and Grasslands in Guangnan County,Wenshan Prefecture,Guangnan 663300,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省广南县天然林保护和退耕还林还草办公室,云南广南663300

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第7期159-162,共4页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：为分析不同嫁接时间对油茶嫁接苗成活率及生长状况的影响,以找出油茶最佳嫁接育苗时间。在云南省文山州广南县根据不同嫁接时间在钢架大棚内种植油茶苗木。在2022年5月10—30日分4个嫁接时间进行嫁接,Z1处理:5月10-15日;Z2处理:5月16-20日,Z3处理:5月21-25日;Z4处理:5月26-30日,嫁接结束后在当年10月测定了油茶嫁接苗成活情况和生长情况。结果表明:Z2处理组的成活率最高。Z2处理的油茶嫁接苗最高是16.59 cm,Z4处理的油茶嫁接苗高度最低是12.36 cm,相差4.23 cm。Z2嫁接苗地径最粗壮是3.39 mm,Z4嫁接苗地径最小是2.65 mm,相差0.74 mm,整体比较是Z2>Z1>Z3>Z4。Z2组的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素分别是(1.89±0.02)mg/g(FW)、(0.17±0.01)mg/g(FW)、(3.01±0.02)mg/g(FW),各项数值均高于其他三组(P<0.05)。Z2组的地上部分、地下部分生物量以及根茎比指标高于其他三组,差异明显(P<0.05),Z3组和Z1组的地下部分生物量差异不明显(P>0.05),Z1、Z3和Z4组的根茎比差异不明显(P>0.05)。由云南省文山州广南县的油茶嫁接调查中可知,嫁接时间的不同直接影响嫁接苗的成活率和生长情况,其中Z2处理油茶嫁接苗成活率最高,苗木生长最为旺盛,说明5月16-20日是最佳嫁接时间。This paper analyzes the effects of grafting time on the survival rate and growth of Camellia oleifera seedlings to find out the best grafting time for Camellia oleifera seedlings.Camellia oleifera seedlings were planted in steel frame greenhouses according to different grafting times in Guangnan County,Wenshan Prefecture,Yunnan Province.Grafting will be conducted in 4 grafting times from May 10 to 30,2022.There are 4 treatments,namely Z1 treatment:May 10~15;Z2 treatment:May 16~20;Z3 treatment:May 21~25;Z4 treatment:from May 26 to 30.After grafting,the survival and growth of Camellia oleifera grafts were measured in October of the same year.The survival rate of Z2 treatment group was the highest.The highest grafting height of Camellia oleifera treated with Z2 was 16.59cm,and the lowest grafting height of Camellia oleifera treated with Z4 was 12.36cm,with a difference of 4.23cm.The maximum diameter of Z2 grafted seedlings is 3.39mm,and the minimum diameter of Z4 grafted seedlings is 2.65mm,with a difference of 0.74mm.The overall order is Z2>Z1>Z3>Z4.The chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in Z2 group were(1.89±0.02)mg/g(FW),(0.17±0.01)mg/g(FW)and(3.01±0.02)mg/g(FW),respectively,which were higher than those in the other three groups(P<0.05).The aboveground and underground biomass and rhizomes ratio index of Z2 group were higher than those of the other three groups;the differences were significant(P<0.05);the underground biomass of Z3 and Z1 groups was not significant(P>0.05),and the rhizomes ratio of Z1,Z3 and Z4 groups was not significant(P>0.05).The graft investigation of Camellia oleifera in Guangnan County,Wenshan Prefecture,Yunnan Province showed that different grafting time directly affected the survival rate and growth of grafted seedlings,among which Z2 treatment Camellia oleifera grafted seedlings had the highest survival rate and seedling growth was the most vigorous,indicating that May 16~20 was the best grafting time.

关 键 词：不同嫁接时间 成活率 生长情况 油茶 

分 类 号：S794[农业科学—林木遗传育种]