环嵩山地区二里岗时期农业初探--以偃师商城为中心  

Preliminary Study on Agriculture of Areas around Mount Song in Erligang Period--Taking Yanshi Shang City as The Center

作　　者：刘昶 陈国梁[1] 名谷飞 曹慧奇 赵志军 钟华 LIU Chang

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京市100101 [2]山东大学文化遗产研究院,山东济南市710075

出　　处：《华夏考古》2024年第2期22-28,59,共8页Huaxia Archaeology

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“偃师商城一期遗存研究”(批准号:21BKG006);科技部国家重点研发计划“公元前1500年至公元前1000年中华文明早期发展关键阶段核心聚落综合研究·黄河流域商早期都邑综合研究”(项目编号:2022YFF0903601);“公元前1500年至公元前1000年中华文明早期发展关键阶段核心聚落综合研究·商代都邑的环境、生业与人群”(项目编号:2022YFF0903605);中国社会科学院创新工程“中国农业起源和文明化进程中的植物考古研究”(批准号:2024KGYJ014)的研究成果。

摘　　要：偃师商城遗址浮选出土了十分丰富的炭化植物遗存,包括栗、黍、稻米、小麦和大豆五种农作物,其中栗占有重要地位,稻米比重突出,黍的比重及出土概率不及稻米,小麦与大豆在同期遗址中表现出较低水平。这种农作物比重结构特征与二里头时期的二里头遗址颇为接近,既有别于二里岗时期的二里头及周边的其他遗址,也与先商时期的郭邓遗址有所不同,体现了自然环境、政治因素、饮食传统等对大型聚落农作物构成的影响作用。环嵩山地区稻米向大型聚落集聚,可能说明稻米在某种程度上可能具备了“政治”色彩。小麦的比重及出土概率在二里岗时期较二里头时期有了明显提升,但大型都邑之间比重有所不同,其背后原因有待进一步研究和分析。The carbonized remains of a wide range of plats,including five crops,namely foxtail millet,broomcorn millet,rice,wheat and soybean,have been collected through flotation at Yanshi Shang City.The millet occupies an important position.The proportion of rice is prominent.The percentage of broomcorn millet and ubiquity are lower than those of rice.The site contains a lower level of wheat and soybean than contemporaneous sites.The structural characteristics of the proportions of the crops are considerably close to those of Erlitou Site of Erlitou period,and differ from those of Erlitou Site and other nearby sites of Erligang period and of Zhangdeng Site of pre-Shang period,reflecting the influence of natural environment,political factors and dietary traditions on the composition of crops planted by large settlements.In areas around Mount Song,rice was gathered near large settlement,indicating that it might have certain“political”significance.Compared with sites of Erlitou period,sites dating back to Erligang period see significantly higher proportions of wheat and more wheat unearthed.However,the proportions of wheat among large capitals are different,and the reasons behind these differences need to be further studied and analyzed.

关 键 词：偃师商城 植物 浮选 二里岗时期 祭祀区 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]