服务业数字投入、本土市场规模与国内分工深化——兼论产业链外部风险  

Digital Input of Service,Domestic Market Scale and Deepening Domestic Labor Division:Concurrently on External Risks in the Industrial Chain

作　　者：王岚[1] 程志宙 WANG Lɑn;CHENG Zhizhou(Tiɑnjin University of Finance and Economics,Tiɑnjin,China;Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学数字经济与管理学院,300222 [2]中央财经大学国际经济与贸易学院,100081

出　　处：《经济学动态》2024年第4期49-69,共21页Economic Perspectives

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“数字贸易规则对全球价值链重构的影响及其优化路径研究”(21BGJ025);中央财经大学科教融合研究生学术新星孵化计划(202307)的资助。

摘　　要：数字经济改变了服务业“不可贸易”和“低效率”的传统属性,为中国依托国内大市场实现服务业高质量发展、打造内需主导型价值链提供了新的契机。本文从国内生产链长视角考察数字投入对服务业国内分工深化的作用机制和效果。结果表明:数字投入一方面能通过提升全要素生产率和资源配置效率显著增加国内生产链长,促进国内分工深化;另一方面能通过降低劳动力比较优势的重要性,推进高收入国家的国内分工深化。本土市场规模会产生逆向牵引和虹吸效应,从而强化数字投入的分工深化作用。这一结论在更靠近需求端的下游行业和门槛效应分析中得到了论证。异质性分析表明,数字投入对生产性服务业的分工深化作用更明显;数字产品投入和国外投入对国内分工深化有着显著的抑制作用;与此同时,适度降低跨境数据流动限制有利于强化分工深化效应。拓展分析表明,数字投入会通过降低生产过程外部风险提升产业链安全,本土市场规模在这过程中发挥了“蓄水池”和“压舱石”的作用。以上研究结论对于中国打造内需主导型服务业价值链,实现服务业提质增效和产业链安全稳定提供了理论和事实依据。The digital economy has become a crucial factor in improving the quality and efficiency of the servicesector,thus driving China’s high‐quality economic development.At the same time,external risks to supply chains haveincreased due to factors such as Sino‐US trade frictions,the COVID-19 pandemic,and geopolitical conflicts.Thishighlights the growing importance of utilizing China’s substantial domestic market and service digitalization,which havethe potential to deepen the domestic labor division,thereby mitigating external risks to supply chains.This paper constructsindicators of digital input in services based on the World Input‐Output Database(WIOD).It examines the effects ofdigital input in services on the deepening of domestic labor division and the mechanisms.Additionally,this paperexamines the moderating effect of domestic market scale on the labor division deepening effects of digital input inservices,and the varying effects of different types of digital input on different service industries.Finally,this paperconstructs an indicator to measure external risks to supply chains,and examines the influence of digital input in servicesand domestic market scale on the exposure and intensity of external supply chain risks.This paper finds that the increase of digital input in services leads to a significant extension of the domesticproduction chain length in the global value chains(GVCs).This extension promotes a deeper domestic labor division,which enhances the nation’s ability to control production processes and reap economic benefits.Digital input promotes amore profound domestic labor division through three crucial pathways:enhancing production efficiency,resourceallocation efficiency,and labor substitution effects.The domestic market scale engenders a demand‐driven reverse pullingand siphoning effect,thereby reinforcing the deepening effect of digital inputs.It is further validated in analyses of serviceindustries closer to the downstream and through threshold effect tests.The heterogeneity analys

关 键 词：数字化投入 生产链条长度 分工深化 本土市场规模 外部风险 

分 类 号：F719[经济管理—产业经济] F49