市场-社会二元体制模型与“三农”政策  

The Model of Market-Society Dual System and the“Three Rural Policies”

作　　者：贺雪峰 He Xuefeng(School of Sociology,Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院

出　　处：《开放时代》2024年第3期112-133,M0006,共23页Open Times

摘　　要：中国当前的城乡二元体制带有显著的市场-社会二元体制的特征,即城市是更加市场化的体制,农村却带有更多社会体制的特征。城市市场体制的优势是高度竞争从而推动产业快速迭代发展,缺点是高度竞争必然意味着市场失败和社会风险,因此就需要有与之匹配的社会体制来保障。作为发展中国家,中国通过保留农村社会体制来吸纳市场体制带来的大部分风险,这是中国式现代化的显著特征或者优势。从社会体制的角度来看当前的“三农”政策,就会发现当前“三农”政策普遍存在就“三农”问题讨论解决“三农”出路的局限。只有站在中国现代化大局看“三农”问题,才能制定出正确的“三农”政策。China’s current urban-rural dual system demonstrates remarkable correspondence to market-society duality,that is,the cities are more market-oriented,whereas the rural areas remain more in the state of social system.The advantage of the urban market system is a high degree of competition to promote the rapid iterative development of the industry,and the disadvantage is that a high degree of competition is inevitably liable to market failure and social risk,making it necessary to have a matching social system for protection.As a developing country,China absorbs most of the risks of the market system by preserving the rural social system,which is also a distinctive feature or advantage of Chinese-styled modernization.From the perspective of social system,the current“three rural policies”are discussed just for the sake of the solution of the rural problems themselves.Only by putting rural problems in the larger context of China’s modernization can we formulate correct“three rural policies.”

关 键 词：中国式现代化 市场-社会体制 “三农”政策 农村弱势群体 

分 类 号：F299.2[经济管理—国民经济] F320