天下与天命——基于气论的历史哲学  

Under Heaven and Heavenly Mandate:An Historical Philosophy Based on Qi Theory

作　　者：丁耘 Ding Yun(Department of Philosophy,Sun Yat-sen University)

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系

出　　处：《开放时代》2024年第1期108-116,M0006,共10页Open Times

摘　　要：21世纪第二个十年以来的中国乃至世界形势,可谓“改革”与“开放”的双重变奏。其中,“改革”多被“开放”所引领。但在失衡的世界中,全球化必然遭遇挫折。挫折的最重要面相不再是古今危机,而是普遍性的内外危机。其中大者,是文明间关系。要现实地理解此关系,就必须理解文明体,并扬弃唯物史观与文明史观的对立。因此,当前中国性问题的首要任务,是在真实的世界历史之中重新界定自身与外部关系,为“再天下化”找到理论表述。这就需要激活现代哲学的遗产:文明史观与唯物史观的对立是心物难题在历史哲学中的延伸。在西方哲学中,莱布尼茨的单子论和力量学说值得重视;在中国哲学中,应当激活能标举中国思想特性的气论传统。当代中国哲学的重要任务,就是打通这两条道路。The situation in China and even in the whole world since the 2010s can be described as a double variation of“reform”and“opening up”.In particular,reform has mostly been led by opening up.But in a world in turmoil,globalisation is bound to suffer setbacks.The most important manifestation of this setback is no longer a past vs.present crisis,but a universal internal vs.external crisis.The major one is in the relationship between civilizations.A realistic understanding of this relationship requires an apprehension of a civilization entity and the abandonment of the dichotomy between historical materialism and the view of civilization history.Thus,the first task of contemporary China is to redefine the relationship between itself and the outside world in the context of a real world history and to find a theoretical formulation for‘re-ecumenism’.This requires activating the legacy of modern philosophy.In Western philosophy,Leibniz’s monadology and the doctrine of potentia deserve attention.In Chinese philosophy,the idea of Qi,which characterises Chinese thought,should be invigorated.The important task of contemporary Chinese philosophy is to open up and connect these two paths.

关 键 词：再天下化 文明体 唯物史观 单子论 气论 

分 类 号：K01[历史地理—历史学] B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论]