著作权法上单纯获酬权的制度逻辑与规范构造  

Pure Remuneration Right in Copyright Law-Institutional Logic and Normative Structure

作　　者：朱冬[1] Zhu Dong

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2024年第3期130-143,共14页Global Law Review

摘　　要：录音制品二次获酬权、追续权、公共借阅权、视听录制品的剩余获酬权等均可归入单纯获酬权的范畴。作为著作权法上的一种特殊制度设计,单纯获酬权为法律直接规定的报酬请求权,既不依赖于专有权存在,在规范构造上也不同于基于专有权的法定许可。单纯获酬权的制度机理在于,以不改变现有作品利用秩序为前提,通过法律对利益进行直接分配,来纠正专有权框架下产业链上的利益失衡现象。因此,单纯获酬权是在专有权及其限制框架之外,对市场机制不足的一种补充。为保障单纯获酬权规范的有效运行,应当明确单纯获酬权原则上不得放弃、不得转让;完善集体管理制度,建立单纯获酬权的集中行使机制;在合理报酬的计算方面,则应以市场价值为基础,充分考虑权利人的贡献程度,并建立起运作良好的争议解决机制。In 2020,a remuneration right for the secondary use of a phonorecord,which is based on Article 15 of WPPT,was introduced into the Chinese Copyright Law.This raises the question of why the Copyright Law needs a remuneration right,especially when the Civil Code stipulates that copyright and neighboring rights are exclusive rights in China.At the international level,remuneration right for the secondary use of a phonorecord,together with resale right,public lending right,and residual remuneration right for audio-visual recordings,falls into the category of pure remuneration rights(or remuneration rights per se).As a special design in copyright law,pure remuneration right is just a claim for compensation,which does not restrict others from the unauthorized exploration of copyrighted works.It is directly stipulated by law and does not rely on the existence of an exclusive right,regardless of whether it is outside the scope of the exclusive right or the exclusive right has been transferred or exhausted.Besides,pure remuneration right is also very different from statutory licenses based on exclusive rights in terms of normative structure.Pure remuneration right,especially that in Germany,has its roots in the tradition of the author’s right.Generally speaking,the institutional logic of pure remuneration right is quite different from that of exclusive rights and their limitations in copyright law.The aim is to correct the imbalance of interests in the industrial value chain under the framework of exclusive rights by directly re-allocating the benefits arising from the exploration of copyrighted works.At the same time,the introduction of a pure remuneration right will not change the existing exploration order of copyrighted works,which is confirmed by exclusive rights and their limitations.Therefore,pure remuneration right should only be deemed as a supplement to the market mechanism outside the framework of exclusive rights and their limitations in copyright law.However,opposing opinions are so strong that each interest g

关 键 词：单纯获酬权 录音制品二次获酬权 追续权 公共借阅权 出租剩余获酬权 

分 类 号：D923.41[政治法律—民商法学]