壳聚糖衍生碳包覆纳米硅复合材料锂离子电池性能研究  

Performance of Chitosan-Derived Carbon-coated Nanosilicon Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries

作　　者：吴强 李正伟 周建华 张冬梅 党锋 刘文平 苗蕾[1] WU Qiang;LI Zhengwei;ZHOU Jianhua;ZHANG Dongmei;DANG Feng;LIU Wenping;MIAO Lei(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;National Special Mineral Materials Engineering Technology Research Center&Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials,China Nonferrous Metal(Guilin)Geology and Mining Co.,Ltd.,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学材料科学与工程学院,广西电子信息材料构效关系重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]山东大学材料科学与工程学院,济南250061 [3]中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司,国家特种矿物材料工程技术研究中心,广西超硬材料重点实验室,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第10期8-13,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(ZY21195037);广西杰出青年基金(2019GXNSFFA245010);国家自然科学基金(52173094);桂林市科学研究与技术开发计划(20220110-1)。

摘　　要：硅负极材料因具有较高的理论容量(Li22Si5合金相对应4200 mAh/g)、较低的工作电压(0.2~0.3 V vs Li/Li+)和地球上丰富的原材料储备,成为代替石墨负极的理想材料之一。但是,低电导率及在循环过程中发生剧烈体积膨胀导致电极失效问题限制了硅负极材料的进一步发展。因此,本工作通过物理法利用壳聚糖和石墨对纳米硅实现碳包覆和复合,制备壳聚糖/石墨@纳米硅复合材料(C/G@Si复合材料),对C/G@Si复合材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行研究。结果表明:随着石墨添加量的提高,C/G@Si复合材料的可逆比容量略微下降,循环性能和导电性能显著提高。当添加50%(质量分数)石墨时,在100 mA/g的电流密度下,C/G@Si复合材料的首次放电比容量为1136.1 mAh/g,循环充放电100次后剩余容量保持在658.5 mAh/g,展示出优异的电化学性能,对进一步推广硅碳负极材料具有一定的参考价值。Silicon anode material has become an ideal material to replace graphite anode due to its high theoretical capacity(4200 mAh/g),low opera-ting voltage(0.2—0.3 V vs Li/Li+)and abundant raw materials on the earth for energy storage.However,the volume expansion of silicon anode materials would lead to electrode degradation during the cycle.Therefore,in this paper,chitosan/graphite@silicon(C/G@Si)composite was prepared by using chitosan and graphite to achieve carbon coating and compositing on nano silicon through physical methods.For C/G@Si,the structure,morphology and electrochemical properties of the composites were studied.The results showed that with the increase of graphite addition,the reversible specific capacity decreased slightly,while the cycle performance and conductivity improved significantly.When 50wt%graphite was added,the specific capacity of the first discharge was 1136.1 mAh/g under the current density of 100 mA/g,and the residual capacity remained at 658.5 mAh/g after 100 cycles of charging/discharging,which exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and has certain reference value for further promotion of silicon-carbon anode materials.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 硅碳负极材料 壳聚糖 石墨掺杂 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]