莜麦秸秆不同部位组织结构、细胞形态及化学成分分析  

Analysis of Histological Structure,Cell Morphology and Chemical Composition of Different Parts of Naked Oat Straw

作　　者：蒋龙 韦家慧 任浩 翟华敏 JIANG Long;WEI Jiahui;REN Hao;ZHAI Huamin(School of Light Industry and Food,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学轻工与食品学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2024年第3期21-29,共9页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51203075)。

摘　　要：根据脱籽莜麦秸秆宏观特性不同将其分为节间、节、穗轴、叶、叶鞘和稃6个部位,使用光学显微镜、纤维分析仪分析各部位组织结构、细胞形态和纤维质量,测定了各部位的化学成分,并使用染色法和荧光显微镜观察各部位组织内木质素分布情况。研究结果表明:节间为莜麦秸秆主要生理部位,质量占比为57.4%。各部位的生物结构和化学组成存在高度不均一性。各组织木质化程度呈现出维管组织>机械组织>薄壁组织的规律,节间、穗轴、节整体木质化程度高于其他3个部位,节间苯醇抽出物和灰分含量低,木质素质量分数较高,为22.5%,细胞组成最为简单,纤维细胞含量高、纤维质量好,最具作为木质纤维原料进行生物炼制的潜力。According to the different macroscopic characteristics of deseeded naked oat straw,it was divided into six parts:internode,joint,cob,leaf,leaf sheath and lemma.The tissue structure,cell morphology and fiber quality of each part were analyzed using light microscope and fiber analyser.The chemical composition of each part was determined,and the distribution of lignin in each part was observed by staining method and fluorescence microscope.The results of the study showed that the internodes were the main physiological parts of naked oat straw,with a mass ratio of 57.4%.There was a high degree of heterogeneity in the biological structure and chemical composition of the various parts.The lignification degree of each tissue showed a rule of vascular tissue>mechanical tissue>thin-walled tissue,and the lignification degrees of internodes,rachis and whole nodes were higher than those of other three fractions.The internode had low benzene-alcohol extractive and ash content,high lignin content of 22.5%,simplest cellular composition,high fiber content,good fiber quality,and most potential for biorefining as a lignocellulosic feedstock.

关 键 词：木质纤维素 显微结构 纤维形态 木质素分布 化学分析 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] S512.6[农业科学—作物学]