主流条件下氮负荷对部分亚硝化活性污泥系统中NOB抑制及微生物群落结构的影响  

EFFECT OF NITROGEN LOAD ON NOB INHIBITION IN PARTIAL NITROSATED ACTIVATED SLUDGE SYSTEM UNDER MAINSTREAM CONDITIONS

作　　者：黄文慧 高佳琦 李祥[1,2] 黄勇[1,2] 许佩玲 叶佳红 HUANG Wenhui;GAO Jiaqi;LI Xiang;HUANG Yong;XU Peiling;YE Jiahong(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;Institute of Environmental Biotechnology,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]苏州科技大学环境生物技术研究所,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第3期25-32,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51938010)。

摘　　要：部分亚硝化(PN)是厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)获取亚硝酸盐(NO2--N)作为基质的重要途径。然而,市政污水氨氮(NH4+-N)浓度较低且波动频繁,导致难以实现稳定的PN。对此,通过缩短水力停留时间(HRT)的方式启动2个反应器,对比不同氮负荷(NLR)下,PN系统中氮素转化规律及微生物群落结构的变化。结果表明:在低氧环境下,R1的NLR从0.15 kg/(m^(3)·d)提高至0.5 kg/(m^(3)·d),氨氮转化率(ACR)从45%升高至65%,亚氮积累率(NAR)从0升高至95%,表明可以实现PN的快速启动,但是稳定运行60 d后PN出现失稳。然而,在高NLR[0.8~1.2 kg/(m^(3)·d)]条件下,ACR和NAR最高分别可达到68%和85%,且能稳定运行,表明高NLR启动运行更易获得稳定有效的NOB抑制。微生物群落结构进一步表明,随着NLR的提高,R2中NOB的相对丰度远低于R1中NOB的相对丰度;同时,R2中NOB的优势菌逐渐由Nitrospira转变为Nitrolancea。这表明高负荷运行下,NOB菌属类型会发生改变。这为解决主流条件下PN-Anammox工艺的应用瓶颈问题提供了新方法,具有重要的研究意义和应用价值。Partial nitrification(PN)is an important way for anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX)to obtain nitrite(NO2--N)as a substrate.However,the concentration of ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N)in municipal sewage is usually low and fluctuates frequently,making it difficult to achieve a stable PN.In this study,the two reactors were started by shortening the hydraulic retention time(HRT),and the changes in nitrogen transformation and microbial community structure in the PN system were compared under different nitrogen loads(NLR).The results showed that the NLR of R1 increased from 0.15 kg/(m^(3)·d)to 0.5 kg/(m^(3)·d),and the ammonia nitrogen conversion rate(ACR)increased from 45%to 65%,in a hypoxic environment,the nitrous nitrogen accumulation rate(NAR)increased from 0 to 95%,indicating that the rapid start-up of PN could be achieved,but PN became unstable after 60 days of stable operation.However,under the condition of high NLR[0.8~1.2 kg/(m^(3)·d)],ACR and NAR could reach 68%and 85%,and could achieve stable operation,indicating that it was easier to obtain stable and effective NOB inhibition.The microbial community structure further showed that with the increase of NLR,the relative abundance of NOB in R2 was much lower than that in R1;at the same time,the dominant bacteria of NOB in R2 gradually changed from Nitrospira to Nitrolancea.It showed that under high load operation,the type of NOB bacteria changed.This provided a new method for solving the bottleneck problem of the application of the PN-Anammox process under mainstream conditions,which had important research significance and application value.

关 键 词：部分亚硝化(PN) 主流条件 氮负荷 NOB抑制 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]