滚动球轴承局部故障引起滚珠负载振荡性分析  

Analysis of ball load oscillability caused by local fault of rolling ball bearings

作　　者：刘小峰[1] 顾军[1] 柏林[1] Liu Xiaofeng;Gu Jun;Bo Lin(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学高端装备机械传动全国重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《电子测量与仪器学报》2024年第3期23-31,共9页Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52175077);国家科技重大专项(J2019-IV-0001-0068)资助。

摘　　要：为深入剖析滚动球轴承局部故障对轴承整体振动特性的影响,利用Hertz接触理论构建了转子偏心力激励下的球轴承-转子系统动力学数字仿真模型,并结合深沟球轴承外圈、内圈、滚珠的局部故障引起的轴承间隙变化,推演了滚珠与各类故障区域间的冲击激励响应方程。在此基础上通过分析单点损伤引起的滚珠内部接触负载变化,揭示了单个滚珠接触应力对相邻滚子负载与系统整体振动特性的影响规律。通过分析轴承转动过程中有效承载滚珠个数的变化情况,建立了的滚珠负载占比时间对故障冲击振荡幅值的影响关系。分析结果表明,滚珠与故障区域的接触分离会使其负载发生振荡,且各故障状态下的振荡频率都为系统共振频率;在2个等效承载滚珠上的运转时间占比越大,故障冲击振荡的强度越大;各类型早期故障状态下的Poincaré映射点的保持在相同幅值附近;当局部故障程度增大到一定程度时,系统振动混沌特性增强,振动幅值相应增大。In order to deeply analyze the influence of local failure of rolling ball bearing on the overall vibration characteristics of the bearing,a numerical simulation model of ball bearing-rotor system dynamics under rotor eccentric force excitation is constructed by using Hertz contact theory,and the impact excitation response equation between rolling body and various types of fault areas is deduced by combining the bearing clearance changes caused by local failure of outer ring,inner ring and rolling body of deep groove ball bearing.On this basis,by analyzing the change of internal contact load of balls caused by single-point damage,the influence law of single ball contact stress on the load of adjacent rollers and the overall vibration characteristics of the system is revealed.By analyzing the changes in the number of effective bearing balls during the bearing rotation,the relationship between the ball load occupancy time and the amplitude of fault impact oscillation is established.The analysis results show that the contact separation of the ball and the fault area causes its load to oscillate,and the oscillation frequency of each fault state is the system resonance frequency;the larger the running time share on the 2 equivalent load-bearing rollers,the greater the intensity of the fault shock oscillation.The Poincarmapping point of each type of early fault state keeps near the same amplitude.When the degree of local failure increases to a certain degree,the chaotic characteristics of the system vibration are enhanced and the vibration amplitude increases accordingly.

关 键 词：球轴承-转子系统动力学 局部故障 Hertz接触负载 冲击振动 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]