美国加强对华国际发展援助竞争与中国的战略选择  

The U.S.Intensifying Competition with China for International Development Assistance and China’s Strategic Options

作　　者：罗建波 李伊 LUO Jianbo;LI Yi(Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C(National Academy of Governance),Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中央党校(国家行政学院),北京100091

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2024年第5期60-74,共15页Pacific Journal

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金重大项目专项“新形势下美国问题研究”(22VMG019)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：美国拜登政府大幅调整国际发展援助的战略和策略,显著加大与中国在发展中国家的战略竞争。在合作领域上注重“软硬兼施”,以软性基础设施为国际发展合作的增长点。在投融资方式上实施“双向筹资”,通过发展援助资金撬动私人资本抢抓海外市场。在软实力领域融入“美国观念”并塑造“全球规则”,巩固和塑造美国在发展中国家的规则优势、话语霸权、价值感召。在国际上拉拢盟友打造“多边协同”,同时要求发展中国家在中美两方“选边站队”。因此,我们需要高度关注美国加大国际发展援助博弈对中国带来的影响,全面评估美国加强对华国际发展援助竞争的未来走向。中国国际发展合作应在战略规划和融资模式等方面及时进行调整和优化。The Biden Administration has adjusted its strategy and tactics for international development assistance,significantly increasing its competition with China in offering supports to developing countries.In the field of cooperation,the U.S.focuses on soft and hard infrastructure,seeing soft infrastructure as the point of growth of international development cooperation.In terms of investment and financing,the U.S.has adopted a government-guided and market-led approach to leverage private capital through development assistance funds to seize overseas markets.In the field of soft power,the U.S.has integrated the American concept and shaped the global rules,consolidating the U.S.dominance of the rules,hegemony of discourse,and value appeal in the developing countries.In the international arena,the U.S.has drawn in allies to create multilateral synergy,while at the same time asking developing countries to choose sides between China and the United States.It is necessary to pay great attention to the possible impact on China of the U.S.game of increasing international development assistance,and to comprehensively assess the future direction of the U.S.competition for international development assistance with China.China’s international development cooperation should be promptly adjusted and optimized as to strategic planning and financing models.

关 键 词：发展援助 发展合作 中美关系 发展中国家 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]