新时期农村大学生返乡创业驱动因素及其作用分析  

Analysis on the Driving Factors of Rural College Students Returning Home to Start Their Own Businesses in the New Period

作　　者：葛晓军 GE Xiao-jun

机构地区：[1]伊犁师范大学

出　　处：《中国大学生就业》2024年第5期73-81,共9页China University Students Career Guide

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“新疆深度贫困地区易地扶贫搬迁的多民族互嵌社区调查与评价研究”(项目编号:20BMG057)的研究成果。

摘　　要：农村大学生返乡创业日益成为助力乡村人才振兴和产业振兴的重要支撑。本文基于社会与经济层面驱动农村大学生返乡创业机理,利用2109名普通高校农村大学生的调查数据,验证普通高校农村大学生返乡创业的重要驱动因素及其驱动程度和驱动方向。分析结果得知:第一,社会因素中的城市创业就业境况和乡村发展环境对农村大学生返乡创业的驱动力显著;第二,经济因素中的城市购房条件与自身及其家庭要素禀赋对农村大学生返乡创业的驱动力显著;第三,农村大学生返乡创业驱动因素作用程度的区域性差异较明显;第四,就学城市的行政层次和经济发达程度对农村大学生返乡创业的驱动作用较显著,与在一、二线城市和经济发达的三线城市就学的农村大学生相比,在经济欠发达的三线城市和四线城市就学的农村大学生返乡创业的概率高很多。Rural college students returning to their hometown to start businesses have increasingly become an important support for the revitalization of rural talents and industries.Based on the mechanism of driving rural college students to return home to start businesses from the social and economic aspects,this paper uses the survey data of 2,109 rural college students to verify the important driving factors,driving degree and driving direction of rural college students to return home to start businesses.The results show that:The social factors of urban entrepreneurship and employment and rural development environment have significant driving forces for rural college students to return home to start their own businesses;The economic factors of urban housing conditions and their own and family factor endowments have significant driving forces for rural college students to return home to start businesses;There are obvious regional differences in the driving factors of rural college students returning home to start their own businesses;The administrative level and economic development of the school cities have a significant driving effect on rural college students returning to their hometown to start businesses.Compared with rural college students studying in first-and second-tier cities and economically developed third-tier cities,rural college students studying in economically underdeveloped third-tier cities and fourth-tier cities have a much higher probability of returning to their hometown to start businesses.

关 键 词：普通高校农村大学生 县域政府 返乡创业 驱动 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]