我国京沪粤三地高校毕业生的就业特征、风险隐忧与优化策略  

The Evolutionary Characteristics,Risk Concerns and Optimization Strategies of College Graduates'Employment in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangdong,China

作　　者：陈鹏[1] CHEN Peng

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学

出　　处：《中国大学生就业》2024年第5期92-103,共12页China University Students Career Guide

摘　　要：根据2014-2019年京沪粤三地毕业生就业质量报告,研究分析三地毕业生就业情况。三地高校毕业生的就业特点主要表现在:高校属地、东部地区、重点区域集中就业明显;就业质量评估表现为高毕业去向落实率、高满意度、低创业率;毕业生行业流向体现在头部行业相对稳定,新兴行业贡献突出。存在的风险主要为:突发公共卫生事件对就业的短期冲击转为长期影响;人才集聚区竞争过于激烈;创新创业毕业生比例偏低;毕业去向落实率统计在压力下异化。提出的对策为:地方要以产业升级和新兴产业带动就业;高校要加强产业实践与创新创业教育,以培养高质量人才消解就业难题;最后还要合力提升就业公共服务水平,转变就业观念,缓解社会的就业焦虑。According to the report on the employment quality of graduates in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangdong from 2014 to 2019,the employment situation of graduates in the three regions is studied and analyzed.The employment characteristics of graduates from colleges and universities in the three regions are mainly manifested in the following:the concentration of employment in the university's area,the eastern region,and the key regions is obvious;the assessment of employment quality is manifested in the high graduation destination fulfllment rate,high satisfaction,and low entrepreneurship rate;and the industry flow of graduates is manifested in the relative stability of the head industry,and the contribution of the emerging industry is outstanding.The main risks are:the short-term impact of public health emergencies on employment has turned into a long-term impact;the competition in talent cluster areas is too fierce;the proportion of innovative and entrepreneurial graduates is low;and the statistics of the graduation destination implementation rate is alienated under pressure.The proposed countermeasures are:localities should promote employment through industrial upgrading and emerging industries;universities should strengthen industrial practice and innovation and entrepreneurship education in order to cultivate high-quality talents to solve the employment problems;and finally,they should also work together to improve the level of public services for employment,change the concept of employment,and alleviate the employment anxiety of the society.

关 键 词：京沪粤 高校毕业生 就业特征 风险 策略 

分 类 号：G646[文化科学—高等教育学]