清代王爷园寝地下建筑的初步调查与研究  

Research on the Underground Architecture of Princes' Tombs in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：周莎[1] Zhou Sha(Library of the Palace Museum,Beijing,China,100009)

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院图书馆,北京100009

出　　处：《地方文化研究》2024年第2期82-89,共8页Local Culture Research

摘　　要：作为封建最后一个王朝的清朝,在定鼎燕京后,其所封爵的宗室亲王们大多生活于北京。经历朝绵延,生于斯、长于斯的大清朝的宗室亲王们,在薨逝后,顺理成章地把葬地选择在了北京或其周边地区。他们在这里修建了他们“百年之后”的万年福地,即“王爷园寝”。清代王爷园寝的建筑由地上建筑和地下建筑组成。从地面建筑上看,园寝多由神桥、碑亭、宫门、享殿、墓冢等几部分组成;从地下建筑来看,玄宫主要由罩门券、梓券、金券等几部分组成。这些地上与地下的建筑样式,充分反映了王爷园寝在当时历史时期的特点。It is a well-known fact that the Qing Dynasty is the last feudal dynasty in China.After its settlement in Yanjing,most of its princes lived in Beijing.It is natural for the princes born and grown up in this city to choose Beijing or its surrounding areas as their burial place,where they built their eternal resting places known as"the princes'tombs".The architecture of the princes'tombs in the Qing Dynasty is composed of above-ground buildings and underground buildings.The above-ground architecture is mainly composed of divine bridge,stone pavilion,palace gate,sacrificial hall and burial mound,etc.The underground palace mainly consists of vaulted gate,corridor and coffin chamber,etc.These above-ground and underground architectural styles fully reflect the characteristics of the princes'tombs during the historical period.Through on-the-spot investigation,the author summarizes the underground buildings of the princes'tombs in the Qing Dynasty,hoping to contribute to further discussions on the research topic.

关 键 词：清代王爷园寝 玄宫 地下建筑 墓室装修 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]