合规化纠缠:网约车“双证”治理困境的一个分析框架  

The Entanglement of Normalization:An Analytical Framework for the Dual Certificate Governance Dilemma in Ride Hailing Service

作　　者：邢朝国[1] XING Chaoguo

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学社会学系

出　　处：《社会科学》2024年第5期152-162,52,共12页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目“疫情防控常态化背景下北京市非正规就业不稳定性研究”(项目编号:21SRC012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：合规化是新业态治理的重要方向。具体到网约车行业,对网约车驾驶员、车辆实施许可管理是一项主要内容,但是目前仍然有大量网约车司机无证营运,与合规化进行纠缠。通过对北京市网约车司机的深度访谈,研究发现,合规化纠缠有着复杂的形成机制:一方面,网约车的民生功能以及部分网约车司机的相对被剥夺感、受害者心理和对执法公信力的怀疑,建构了合规化纠缠的正当性;另一方面,网约车平台企业和汽车租赁公司宽松的司机账号注册审查和罚款补贴制度,以及网约车司机识别和应对运管街头执法“策略”的提升,塑造了合规化纠缠的机会空间。正是“纠缠的正当性建构”和“纠缠的机会空间塑造”共同导致了合规化纠缠。Normalization is an important direction for the governance of new business forms.As for the normalization of ride hailing services,implementing license management for ride hailing drivers and vehicles is a major aspect.However,there are still a large number of unlicensed ride hailing drivers who get entangled with normalization.Through in-depth interviews with ride hailing drivers in Beijing,the study finds that the entanglement of normalization is jointly created by many parties.On the one hand,the livelihood function of ride hailing,ride hailing drivers'the relative sense of deprivation,victim psychology,and suspicion of law enforcement credibility construct the legitimacy of normalization entanglement;On the other hand,the lax driver account registration censorship and fine subsidy system of ride hailing platform enterprises and car rental companies,as well as the enhanced self-efficacy of ride hailing drivers in identifying and dealing with street enforcement,have created opportunities for normalization entanglement.It is the legitimacy construction of entanglement and the opportunity space shaping of entanglement that together manufacture the entanglement of normalization.The paper presents the subjective experience of practitioners in new business forms,and deepens academic exploration of governance in new business forms.

关 键 词：网约车 双证治理 合规化纠缠 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]