历史社会学:如何兼得历史学与社会学的优势?  

Historical Sociology:How to Combine the Advantages of both History and Sociology?

作　　者：任剑涛 REN Jiantao(School of Social Sciences,Tsinghua University)

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会科学学院政治学系

出　　处：《中国人民大学学报》2024年第3期62-70,共9页Journal of Renmin University of China

摘　　要：历史社会学是历史学与社会学的综合性学科。要达到这样的学科建构目的,需要对历史社会学的学科属性、知识趣味与实践指向进行辨析。在学科属性上,它既然不是历史学或社会学的子学科,便是两个素有自身学科传统的综合性学科;在知识兴趣上,它需要整合历史学与社会学的知识优势,并促使人们关注它的知识聚焦点,也就是工业社会与民族国家的建构问题;在实践指向上,它需要明确其促进现代健全发展的目标。与此类似,历史人类学等学科也都需要进行相应的尝试,才足以自证学科存在的理由。这些跨学科的研究尝试,都必须避免学科的琐碎化倾向,注重科际的学术资源整合。仅就历史社会学而言,需要高度重视社会理论的规范传统,建构起学科规范理论,从而将它兼得历史学与社会学学科优势的理论企图实际地展现在人们面前。Historical sociology is an interdisciplinary subject that integrates history and sociolo-gy.To achieve the goal of constructing such a discipline,it is necessary to analyze the disciplinary attributes,interests of knowledge,and practical orientation of historical sociology.In terms of dis-ciplinary attributes,historical sociology is not a subdiscipline of either history or sociology,but a comprehensive subject which combines two disciplinary traditions.In terms of the interest of knowl-edge,it requires the integration of the advantages of both historical and sociological knowledge,and encourages people to focus on its focal points of knowledge,namely the issues of constructing in-dustrial societies and nation-states.In terms of practical orientation,historical sociology needs to clarify its goal of promoting modern and sound development.Similarly,such discipline as historical anthropology also requires the attempts to sufficiently justify the existence of the discipline.These interdisciplinary attempts in research must avoid the tendency of trivialization within the discipline and must emphasize the integration of academic resources across disciplines.In terms of historical sociology,it is important to pay high attention to the normative tradition of social theory and to construct a normative theory of the discipline,so that it can practically present its theoretical at-tempt to combine the disciplinary advantages of both history and sociology.

关 键 词：历史社会学 学科属性 知识兴趣 实践指向 兼得优势 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理] K06[社会学]