旱涝灾害适应性:营建机制与当代启示--以太行山区传统村落为例  

Adaptation to Droughts and Floods:Construction Mechanisms and Contemporary Enlightenment--A Case Study of Traditional Villages in Taihang Mountains

作　　者：韩刘伟 林祖锐 赵之枫[1] HAN Liuwei;LIN Zurui;ZHAO Zhifeng(Faculty of Architecture,Civil and Transportation Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;School of Architecture and Design,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城市建设学部,北京100124 [2]中国矿业大学建筑与设计学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《工业建筑》2024年第5期107-116,共10页Industrial Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51778610);北京市自然科学基金面上项目(8232002);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(23YJAZH215);北京市教委社科一般项目(SM202410005006);北京市社会科学基金重点项目(18YTA002)。

摘　　要：太行山区先民因地制宜地将集水、蓄水、用水、排水完美于村落空间营建中,为农耕文明下应对旱涝灾害并存的区域环境提供了核心支持,体现出丰富的生态智慧和人文内涵,其中的营建机制对现代城镇生态建设同样具有重要借鉴意义。以太行山区内传统村落为例,运用归纳总结与典型案例分析相结合的方法,解析传统村落基于“趋利-避害”考量的村落整体生态格局、集成“蓄水—排水”一体的村落水组织体系、兼顾“旱时—涝时”情境的多功能复合空间、综合“生产—生活”需求的旱涝自平衡设施和形成调控“人-水”关系的非制度性人文观念的旱涝灾害适应性营建机制。最后从系统性思维、融合性策略和共建性理念3方面出发提出对当代城乡建设的启示与借鉴。The ancestors of the Taihang Mountains perfectly integrated water collection,storage,water use,and drainage into the construction of the village space according to the local conditions,providing core support for the agricultural civilization to cope with the regional environment where droughts and floods coexist,reflecting rich ecological wisdom and humanistic connotation.The construction wisdom among them also has important reference significance for modern urban ecological construction.The paper took traditional villa-ges in the Taihang Mountains as an example,by using the methods of induction and summary and typical example analysis.This paper abstracted five points of adaptive construction wisdom of village drought and flood disasters,include the overall ecological pattern of villages based on the consideration of“seek advantages and avoid disadvantages”,the village water falling organization system integrating“water storage and drainage”,the multi-functional composite space taking into account the situation of“drought and flood”,the drought and flood self-balancing facilities integrating the needs of“production and life”and forming a non-institutional humanistic concept of regulating the“human-water”relation.Finally,the paper proposed enlightenment and reference for contemporary urban and rural construction from three aspects:systematic thinking,integration strategy and the construction theory.

关 键 词：旱涝并存 营建机制 规划启示 太行山区 传统村落 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]