低浓度接触氧乐果对工人全血胆碱酯酶活性的影响  

Effect of low concentration of dimethoate exposure on cholinesterase activity in whole blood of workers

作　　者：王思华 李启蒙 郝长付[2] 张丹华 陈幕华[3] 吴迪 WANG Sihua;LI Qimeng;HAO Changfu;ZHANG Danhua;CHEN Muhua;WU Di(The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province/Henan Hospital for Occupational Diseases,Zhengzhou 450052,China;College of Public Health,Zhengzhou University;Kaifeng Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]河南省第三人民医院/河南省职业病医院,河南郑州450052 [2]郑州大学公共卫生学院 [3]开封市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第5期334-338,共5页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82173491)。

摘　　要：目的了解有机磷农药氧乐果对生产工人全血胆碱酯酶活性的影响,探索暴露于氧乐果的工人全血胆碱酯酶活性变化规律。方法2022年对开封市某有机磷农药氧乐果生产厂324名工人进行全血胆碱酯酶活性的分析,按其是否暴露于氧乐果分为暴露组和对照组,并把暴露组工人按工龄及暴露程度分亚组,分析各组间全血胆碱酯酶活性的差异。结果该企业各工种工人接触的氧乐果浓度均未超过职业接触限值。暴露组全血胆碱酯酶活性(9274.36±2660.06)KU/L低于对照组(9760.56±1622.78)KU/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。暴露组中,女性全血胆碱酯酶活性(8283.78±2322.17)KU/L低于男性(9618.39±2689.74)KU/L(P<0.05),直接暴露工人全血胆碱酯酶活性(9020.91±2801.31)KU/L低于间接暴露工人(9898.22±2171.22)KU/L(P<0.05);工龄<3年、3~20年、>20年的工人全血胆碱酯酶活性分别为(9775.41±2437.55)、(8325.10±2536.24)、(9554.42±2808.64)KU/L,其中,工龄3~20年亚组工人胆碱酯酶活性最低,与工龄<3年、>20年亚组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论长期、低剂量暴露于有机磷农药氧乐果会降低全血胆碱酯酶活性,且一定范围内氧乐果对全血胆碱酯酶的抑制作用随暴露时间和暴露程度的增加而增加。Objective To investigate the effects of the organophosphorus pesticide omethoate on cholinesterase activity in whole blood of production workers,and explore the change pattern of cholinesterase activity in whole blood of workers exposed to organophosphorus pesticides.Methods The whole blood cholinesterase activity of 324 workers in an organophosphorus pesticide production factory in 2022 in Kaifeng city was analyzed.They were divided into exposure group and control group according to whether they were exposed to omethoate.The exposure group was categorized according to seniority and exposure degree of workers,and the differences of whole blood cholinesterase activity among all groups were analyzed.Results The concentration of omethoate exposed to each type of work in the enterprise did not exceed the occupational exposure limit.The whole blood cholinesterase activity(9274.36±2660.06)KU/L in exposure group was lower than that in control group(9760.56±1622.78)KU/L,and the differences was statistically significant(P<0.05).The whole blood cholinesterase activity of females(8283.78±2322.17)KU/L was significantly lower than that of males(9618.39±2689.74)KU/L in exposure group(P<0.05).The whole blood cholinesterase activity in direct exposure group(9020.91±2801.31)KU/L was significantly lower than that in indirect exposure group(9898.22±2171.22)KU/L(P<0.05).The exposure group was divided into three categories,less than 3 years,3-20 years and more than 20 years according to the seniority,and the whole blood cholinesterase activity of the workers in the three categories were(9775.41±2437.55),(8325.10±2536.24),and(9554.42±2808.64)KU/L,respectively.The activity of cholinesterase in whole blood of workers with 3 to 20 years of working age was the lowest,and the difference was statistically significant compared to the other two groups(P<0.05).Conclusions Long-term and low-dose exposure to organophosphorus pesticide omethoate can reduce the activity of cholinesterase in whole blood,and the inhibitory effect of organop

关 键 词：有机磷农药 氧乐果 职业暴露 胆碱酯酶活性 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]