伟晶岩型锂矿石中锂的化学物相分析方法研究  

Chemical Phase Analysis of Lithium in Pegmatitic Lithium Ores

作　　者：符招弟[1,2] 张晓娟 杨林 FU Zhaodi;ZHANG Xiaojuan;YANG Lin(Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410012,China;Testing Technology Company of Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410012,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司,湖南长沙410012 [2]长沙矿冶院检测技术有限责任公司,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《岩矿测试》2024年第3期432-439,共8页Rock and Mineral Analysis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“战略性矿产岩矿分析测试技术和标准体系”课题“战略性矿产多元素同时分析技术和标准化”(2021YFC2903001)。

摘　　要：伟晶岩型锂矿石中产出的锂云母和锂辉石是重要的提锂原料,化学物相分析能够为这类锂矿石的地质勘探、矿床评价和高效选冶等提供重要的技术支撑。由于各类含锂矿物在化学性质上非常相似,目前尚未见与锂矿石化学物相分析相关的报道。本文建立了一种针对伟晶岩型锂矿中锂进行化学物相分析的方法。将锂物相分为铁锂云母中锂、锂云母中锂和锂辉石中锂三相。采用稀盐酸选择性浸出铁锂云母中锂,浓硫酸选择性浸出锂云母中锂,最后残渣用氢氟酸挥发除硅,王水溶解测定锂辉石中锂,并探索确立了各相态的最佳浸出条件。通过对川西某锂矿中锂物相进行6次分析,得到各相态锂的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.27%~3.79%,均小于5%,各相态锂的加和与总锂结果的相对偏差为1.22%,小于5%,说明该方法适用于伟晶岩型锂矿石中锂的化学物相分析。Chemical phase analysis can provide important technical guidance for geological exploration,deposit evaluation and high efficiency metallurgy of lithium ore.Because many lithium minerals are very similar in chemical properties,there are no reports related to the chemical phase analysis of lithium ores.Pegmatitic lithium ore is an important kind of lithium ore,in which lepidolite and spodumene are important raw materials for extracting lithium.In this research,a method for chemical phase analysis of lithium in pegmatitic lithium ores was established to determine the content of lithium in each lithium mineral.The lithium was divided into three phases:zinnwaldite,lithium mica,and spodumene.Dilute hydrochloric acid was used to selectively leach lithium from zinnwaldite,concentrated sulfuric acid was used to dissolve lithium from lithium mica,and aqua regia was used to dissolve lithium from spodumene.The optimal leaching conditions of each phase was explored and established.According to the analysis of lithium phase in lithium ores in Western Sichuan for 6 repetitions,the relative standard deviation of each phase was 1.27%−3.79%and the relative deviation of the sum and the total lithium was 1.22%,all less than 5%,indicating that this method is suitable for the chemical phase analysis of lithium in pegmatitic lithium ores.

关 键 词：锂 锂矿石 化学物相分析 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法 

分 类 号：P618.71[天文地球—矿床学]