5种兔源细菌和球虫混合感染的病例分析  

Case Analysis of Mixed Infection of Five Rabbit Derived Bacteria and Rabbit Coccidia

作　　者：张智凯 刘玉梅[1] 王帅帅 吕琼霞[1] 陈晓光[1] 王伟杰 张自强[1] ZHANG Zhikai;LIU Yumei;WANG Shuaishuai;LU Qiongxia;CHEN Xiaoguang;WANG Weijie;ZHANG Ziqiang(Collage of Animal Science and Technology Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000;Luohe Xinhua Animal Husbandry Sciences and Technology Comapany Limited,Luohe 462400)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学动物科技学院,洛阳471000 [2]漯河鑫华牧业科技有限公司,漯河462400

出　　处：《中国养兔》2024年第2期4-8,共5页Chinese Journal of Rabbit Farming

基　　金：河南省产业科技特派员服务团(2020LYCYTPY03),校企横向合作项目(横20210018)。

摘　　要：为确定引起陕西某兔场50日龄兔出现腹泻、呼吸困难及死亡的病原体并筛选有效药物,采用临床问诊、病理剖检、寄生虫检测、病毒检测、细菌分离培养、革兰染色镜检、PCR鉴定,并对分离到的菌株进行药敏试验。结果表明:寄生虫检测显示,部分发病兔粪便中有大量球虫卵囊,达到肠球虫感染标准;通过细菌分离培养,得到5种致病菌,过PCR扩增鉴定判定为大肠埃希菌、魏氏梭菌、葡萄球菌、巴氏杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。药敏结果显示,分离得到的肺炎克雷伯菌对庆大霉素、多黏菌素B、头孢曲松、头孢呋辛、哌拉西林、丁胺卡那、呋喃唑酮敏感;巴氏杆菌对卡那霉素、多西环素、多黏菌素B、头孢曲松、丁胺卡那敏感;大肠埃希菌对四环素、头孢曲松、氟苯尼考、米诺环素敏感;葡萄球菌对青霉素、多黏菌素B、头孢曲松、头孢呋辛、哌拉西林、丁胺卡那、呋喃唑酮敏感;魏氏梭菌对四环素、多西环素、丁胺卡那、麦迪霉素敏感。说明该兔场家兔发病原因为兔球虫和5种兔源细菌混合感染,且分离菌对多种药物耐药,根据药敏试验结果合理用药可减少细菌耐药性的发生。This study identified the pathogens causing diarrhea,breathing difficulties,and death in 50 day old rab⁃bits from a rabbit farm in Shanxi,and screened effective drugs.The methods of clinical inquiry,pathological autop⁃sy,parasite detection,virus detection,bacteria isolation and culture,Gram stain microscopy,PCR identification,and drug sensitivity test of the isolated strains were adopted.The results showed that parasite testing showed that there were a large number of coccidian oocysts in the feces of some infected rabbits,which met the standard for in⁃testinal coccidian infection.Through bacterial isolation and cultivation,five pathogenic bacteria were identified and identified by PCR amplification as Escherichia coli,Clostridium welchii,Staphylococcus,Pasteurella,and Klebsiella pneumoniae.The drug sensitivity results showed that the isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae was sensitive to Gentamicin,polymyxin B,Ceftriaxone,Cefuroxime,Piperacillin,amikacin and Furazolidone;Pasteurella is sen⁃sitive to kanamycin,Doxycycline,polymyxin B,Ceftriaxone and amikacin;E.coli is sensitive to tetracycline,Cef⁃triaxone,florfenicol and Minocycline;Staphylococcus is sensitive to penicillin,polymyxin B,Ceftriaxone,Cefurox⁃ime,Piperacillin,amikacin,Furazolidone;Clostridium welchii is sensitive to tetracycline,Doxycycline,amikacin,and Midecamycin.The results showed that the cause of the rabbit disease in the rabbit farm was a mixed infection of rabbit coccidia and five rabbit derived bacteria,and the isolated bacteria were resistant to multiple drugs.Rea⁃sonable drug use through drug sensitivity tests can reduce the occurrence of bacterial resistance.

关 键 词：家兔 球虫 致病菌 诊断 药敏试验 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]