加密孔控制爆破块度技术在河曲露天矿的应用  

Application of dense hole control blasting block technology in Hequ Open-pit Mine

作　　者：吕贵龙 李蒙博 马力 罗科 马宁 张奇峰 李学斌 LYU Guilong;LI Mengbo;MA Li;LUO Ke;MA Ning;ZHANG Qifeng;LI Xuebin(Shanxi Coal Import and Export Group Hequ Jiu County Open-pit Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Xinzhou 036500,China;School of Energy,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]山西煤炭进出口集团河曲旧县露天煤业有限公司,山西忻州036500 [2]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《露天采矿技术》2024年第3期45-48,共4页Opencast Mining Technology

摘　　要：为了解决河曲露天矿白砂岩硬顶台阶爆破后大块率较高的问题,提出布设加密孔爆破控制技术措施,通过在普通炮孔之间增设不装药短孔的方式增加自由面,利用爆破应力波经过自由面反射形成拉伸应力波,从而提高破碎效果;分析了加密孔应力波的作用方式,通过进行现场试验对试验结果进行对比统计。结果表明:采取加密孔方案后,爆破平均块度从1244.4 mm×773.4 mm×707.9 mm降低至417.6 mm×281.5 mm×219.4 mm,加密孔方案在白砂岩台阶取得了明显的效果。In order to solve the problem of high boulder rate of white sandstone hard top bench blasting in Hequ Open-pit Mine,Controlling technique measures were proposed to arrange external holes.By adding short holes without charge between ordinary holes,free surfaces are increased,and the blasting stress wave is reflected by the free surface to form tensile stress wave,so as to improve the crushing effect.This article expounds the action mode of the stress wave in the densified hole,and carries out field tests.Different schemes are adopted at the same step,and the experimental results are compared and counted.After adopting densified hole scheme,the average fragmentation of blasting is 1244.4 mm×773.4 mm×707.9 mm reduced to 417.6 mm×281.5 mm×219.4 mm.Finally,it is proved that the densified hole scheme has achieved obvious effect in the white sandstone step.

关 键 词：爆破优化 硬顶台阶 块度控制 加密空孔 爆炸应力波 

分 类 号：TD824.7[矿业工程—煤矿开采]