系留无人机系统冲击张力实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT TENSION OF A TETHERED UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE SYSTEM

作　　者：何伟 张素侠[1,2] 李亚泽 刘洪德 刘浩浩 程远 He Wei;Zhang Suxia;Li Yaze;Liu Hongde;Liu Haohao;Cheng Yuan(Department of Mechanics,School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300354,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Control,Tianjin 300354,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械工程学院力学系,天津300354 [2]天津市非线性动力学与混沌控制重点实验室,天津300354

出　　处：《力学学报》2024年第5期1448-1457,共10页Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51479136);天津市自然科学基金(17JCYBJC18700)资助项目。

摘　　要：系留无人机中缆绳的松弛-张紧变化可能会产生冲击张力,导致缆绳断裂和无人机失控坠毁,对于该冲击张力现象亟待实验研究.为此,在风洞中开展了系留无人机系统冲击张力实验,通过分析不同结构和环境参数下系留无人机系统动力学响应数据,揭示冲击张力的变化规律.依据光纤布拉格光栅(fiber Bragg grating,FBG)传感器可受拉受压的测试特点,提出判断缆绳松弛-张紧的准则.通过分析缆绳松弛-张紧随位置的分布图发现,随着缆绳长度减小、直径减小或风速增大,发生松弛-张紧的位置会减少或消失.测试了缆绳长度、直径和环境风速对冲击张力的影响,结果发现,缆绳长度越长、缆绳直径越大、环境风速越大,缆绳张力也越大.同时发现,张力在缆绳与无人机的连接点达到最大,该张力作用会影响无人机的稳定运动,不利于系统的正常工作及安全飞行.在实际需求前提下,在结构设计时可选用长度较小或直径较小或抗拉强度较大的缆绳,同时对缆绳和无人机的连接点加强保护,从而确保系统的稳定性和安全性.In tethered unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),variations in cable slack-taut can generate impact tension,potentially causing cable breakage and uncontrolled UAV crashes,necessitating urgent experimental investigation into this impact tension phenomenon.To this end,this study carries out impact tension experiments for tethered UAV systems in a wind tunnel and analyzes dynamic response data under various structural and environmental parameters to reveal the variation patterns of system's impact tension.Based on the measurement properties of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensor,which can be stretched and compressed,criterions are proposed for determining cable slack-taut.Through analyzing the slack-taut distribution with position,it is observed that the slack-taut reduces or disappears with the cable length or diameter decreases,or with the wind speed increases.Experiments on the effects of cable length,diameter,and environmental wind speed on impact tension showed that greater values of each parameter correspond to increase cable tension.Moreover,it is discovered that the tension at the cable-UAV connection point is significant,which affects the UAV's stable motion,hindering normal operation and safe flight.On the premise of practical application requirements,the aforementioned research results suggest selecting a cable with lower length or diameter or higher tensile strength,it is also recommended to prioritize protecting the cable-UAV connection point in structural design,to guarantee stable and safe operation of the tethered UAV system.

关 键 词：系留无人机系统 松弛-张紧 冲击张力 光纤布拉格光栅 

分 类 号：V279[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]