西宁机场低空风切变特征统计及预警指标初探  

Characteristics Statistics and Pilot Study on Early Warning Indicators of Low-level Wind Shear at Xining Airport

作　　者：华志强 黄车轩 赵启娜 田维东 孙永鑫 HUA Zhiqiang;HUANG Xuan;ZHAO Qina;TIAN Weidong;SUN Yongxin(Qinghai Branch,Northwest Regional Air Tratic Management Bureau CAAC,Xining 810000,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空西北地区空中交通管理局青海分局,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《民航学报》2024年第3期99-103,169,共6页Journal of Civil Aviation

摘　　要：低空风切变是飞行安全的“隐形杀手”,激光测风雷达是航空部门在非降水条件下监测空中风的新型装备,本文利用西宁机场2018~2022年航空器低空风切变报告和激光测风雷达等资料,分析低空风切变图像特征和对应天气形势,并探索其预警指标。结果表明:西宁机场的低空风切变主要发生于春季和初夏,集中于午后和傍晚,最易发生位置是跑道入口端至起降轨迹线5 km。对流型风切变最多,天气形势为西北气流配合低压和冷锋,雷达图像中呈现侧风辐合、风向对吹和风速突增等特征、前期的上升气流有21 min的平均预警时间。东西风对峙型切变线大多呈弓形,由近地层向上抬升,PPI模式有21 min平均预警时间。倒灌东风型易出现风速切变。西风下传型风廓线模式有35 min平均预警时间。Low-level wind shear is the"invisible killer"of flight safety,and laser radar is a new type of equipment for aviation units to monitor air wind under non-precipitation conditions.This paper uses 2018-2022 aircraft low-altitude windshear reports and laser radar data of Xining Airport to analyze low-level wind shear image characteristics and the corresponding weather conditions,and explore the early warning indicators.The results show that the low-altitude wind shear of Xining Airport mainly occurs in spring and early summer,mostly occurs in the afternoon and early evening,and the most likely location is 5 kilometers from the entrance of the runway to the take-off and landing trajectory line.Convective windshear is the most,the weather situation is northwest air flow with low pressure and cold front,the radar image shows the characteristics of crosswind convergence,wind direction blowing and wind speed sudden increase,and the early updraft has an average warning time of 21 minutes.Most of the east-west wind confrontation shear lines are bow-shaped,rising upward from near the ground,and the PPI mode has an average warning time of 21 minutes.The inverted east wind type is prone to wind speed shear.The westerly downward wind profile pattern has an average warning time of 35 minutes.

关 键 词：西宁机场 低空风切变 激光测风雷达 预警时间 

分 类 号：V321.225[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]