生态女性主义回唱:马修斯对《白苍鹭》的创造性改写  

An Ecofeminist:Mathews's Creative Rewriting of A White Heron

作　　者：韦清琦 Wei Qingqi

机构地区：[1]东南大学外国语学院,南京211189

出　　处：《文学理论前沿》2023年第2期158-193,共36页Frontiers of Literary Theory

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“当代美国女性环境书写的左翼思想研究”(18BWW078);国家社科基金重大项目“美国族裔文学中的文化共同体思想研究”(21&ZD281)阶段性研究成果;“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”资助。

摘　　要：比萨拉·朱厄特晚生百年的生态女性主义学者芙蕾雅·马修斯对前者的传世名篇《白苍鹭》进行了创造性改写,出版了《阿尔黛亚:一部哲学小说》。朱厄特和马修斯都对性别关系和人与自然的关系进行了深刻反思,马修斯进一步表达了对一切生命形式的关怀和在对性别化的文化/自然二元论的批判中贯注的哲学理想。如果说《白苍鹭》初步显露出一种被动的、无意识的绿色伦理选择,那么马修斯的改写则更彰显出当代环境主义与女性运动结合的先进理念。她殷切与真挚的情感,以及浓重的思辨与学术气息,使这篇虚构叙事在借助故事说理的同时,又饱含着浓烈的伦理情怀。鉴于其与《白苍鹭》的独特互文性,《阿尔黛亚:一部哲学小说》可以被视为学术创作与文学叙事相结合的典范。马修斯通过文学创作,将对非人类生命和环境的深切关注与对一切形式的压迫的批判统一起来,建构起文学、环境及社会的绿色价值统一体。她对《白苍鹭》的“回唱”,堪称当代绿色经典。Starting from an ecofeminist lens,Freya Mathews in her Ardea:A Philosophical Novella creatively rewrites A White Heron by Sarah O.Jewett,born a century earlier.While both writers launch profound reflections upon the man-woman and culture-nature relationships,Mathews goes further to express care for all forms of lives as well as a philosophical ideal that critiques the gendered culture-nature dualism.Whereas A White Heron reveals a fledging green ethical option that proves passive and unconscious,its present adaptation more explicitly calls for a joint efforts of contemporary environmentalism and feminism.As a scholar with vehement emotion and keen speculation,Mathews retells the fiction out of strong ethical awareness.In light of its unique intertextuality with A White Heron,Ardea well exemplifies the way academic creation is coalesced into literary narration by which Mathews brings her deep concerns about the nonhuman lives and environment with her critique of oppressions in all forms,constructing thereby a unity of green value in terms of literature,environment and society.Her“singing back”of A White Heron can be taken among the contemporary green classics.

关 键 词：《阿尔黛亚:一部哲学小说》 《白苍鹭》 萨拉·朱厄特 芙蕾雅·马修斯 生态女性主义 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学] I611.06