儿童意外伤害住院病因与损伤类型系统分析:1561例实证研究  

Inpatient etiology and injury type system analysis of pediatric accidental injuries: an empirical study of 1 561 cases

作　　者：张云平 关小倩 宋晓玉 韩栋 ZHANG Yunping;GUAN Xiaoqian;SONG Xiaoyu;HAN Dong(The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学第三附属医院,广东广州510000

出　　处：《现代医院》2024年第6期955-958,共4页Modern Hospitals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81903405);广东省医学科学技术研究基金(A2019304)。

摘　　要：目的了解广东省某三级综合医院意外伤害住院患儿的损害类型和特点,为减少儿童意外伤害提供重要数据参考。方法对2019—2021年某三级综合医院因意外伤害住院的患儿进行分析,采用χ2检验分析时间、患儿来源、年龄段等因素间意外伤害类型的差异。结果2019—2021年中1561例患儿因意外伤害住院,居前三位的原因为跌倒、交通事故和外力损伤。各年龄段意外伤害类型存在显著差异(χ2=186.606,P<0.001),损害类型间手术率存在显著差异(χ2=45.017,P<0.001)。损伤后做手术的患儿以跌倒为最多,占比72.3%。居家发生的意外伤害占比88.8%,以上肢损伤为主(67.8%)。结论儿童住院意外伤害以跌倒、交通事故和外力损伤为主,需根据不同年龄段伤害类型进行有针对性的预防,尤其是跌倒,不论从发生比例以及手术率来说都是危害最大的伤害类型,应着重加以防控。Objective To explore the injury types and characteristics of children hospitalization with accidental injuries in a tertiary general hospital in Guangdong Province,and to provide important data evidences for reducing accidental injuries in children.Methods Children hospitalization of accidence in 2019-2021 from a tertiary general hospital were analyzed.The 2 test analysis was used for comparing different years,sources of patients and age difference between accident types.Results 1561 children were hospitalized due to accidental injuries.The top three reasons were falling,traffic accidents and external injuries.There are significant differences among age groups and types of accident harm(2=186.606,P<0.001),and significant differences among different damage rate of surgery(2=45.017,P<0.001).The children who underwent surgery after injury were most likely to fall(72.3%).The accidental injuries occurred at home accounted for 88.8%,and therein the upper limb injuries were the main injuries(67.8%).Conclusion Accidental injuries in children’s hospitalization are mainly caused by falls,traffic accidents,and external injuries.Targeted prevention should be carried out according to the types of injuries in different age groups,especially falls,which are the most harmful types of injuries in terms of incidence rate and surgical rate.Therefore,prevention and control should be emphasized.

关 键 词：儿童 意外 伤害 跌倒 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]