锂离子电池硅锗复合负极材料的研究进展  

Research Progress on SiGe Composite Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries

作　　者：张磊 曲昌宇 李治庆 董昱免 高培波 ZHANG Lei;QU Changyu;LI Zhiqing;DONG Yumian;GAO Peibo(School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学物理与光电工程学院,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第S01期10-15,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52007110)。

摘　　要：随着电动汽车和储能技术的飞速发展,目前商用锂离子电池以石墨为负极,比容量低,已无法满足储能需求,因此,开发高比能量的锂离子电池迫在眉睫。采用高比容量的硅锗基负极材料替代传统石墨,可以协同发挥二者优势,提高比容量的同时获得高倍率性能,是制备高能锂离子电池的有效途径。然而,硅锗基负极材料在嵌锂过程中的体积膨胀和结构变化是实际应用过程中面临的关键问题。通过对硅锗基负极材料进行结构设计和组分优化,可以有效改善其电化学性能,对制备高能锂离子电池具有重要意义。本文从结构设计、组分优化及电化学性能方面对现阶段硅锗基负极材料进行了系统综述,并对该类负极材料未来发展进行了展望。With the rapid development of electric vehicles and energy storage technology,the current graphite anode cannot meet the requirements of high energy density due to the low theoretical specific capacity.Therefore,it is imperative to develop lithium-ion batteries with high specific energy.For SiGe composites,the respective benefits of Si and Ge can be harnessed,and higher capacities and rate performance can be obtained through their synergistic effect.This is an effective route to prepare high specific energy lithium-ion batteries using SiGe anodes instead of traditional graphite.However,SiGe electrode materials suffer from the serious volume expansion and structural changes during the lithiation process,which retard its practical applications.The electrochemical performance can be significantly improved by optimizing their structures and components of electrode materials.The optimized SiGe anode is great significant to develop high-performance Li-ion batteries.This article provides a systematic review of the research progress of SiGe anode materials from the aspects of structural design,component optimization and electrochemical performance,and the future development of SiGe-based electrode is prospected.

关 键 词：硅锗 锂离子电池 负极材料 高比容量 协同效应 

分 类 号：O612.4[理学—无机化学]