结合风速预测的直驱风电机组减载调频策略  

Load Shedding Frequency Modulation Method of D-PMSGCombined with Wind Speed Prediction

作　　者：王印松[1] 袁环环 WANG Yinsong;YUAN Huanhuan(School of Control and Computer Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院,河北保定071003

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期101-109,共9页Journal of North China Electric Power University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U170920030)。

摘　　要：直驱永磁风电机组常用的减载调频控制策略缺乏对风电机组运行经济性和调频能力的考虑,易导致系统出现调频能力不足或备用功率冗余的问题,对此提出了一种基于变减载率的优化减载调频策略。首先划分不同的风速模式,确立不同模式下的超速与变桨距协调控制方案;其次考虑系统调频能力和发电量两因素,设计函数求取不同工况下的最优减载率;由于风速波动频繁,风机控制具有延迟,因此利用风速预测和滑动窗口法对最优减载率做进一步调整;最后搭建系统仿真模型,通过改进的频率控制动态调整减载率参与系统调频。仿真实验表明,所提控制策略与常用的策略相比在实时风速、负荷扰动下系统频率动态偏差减小、达到最低值的时间延长,风机发电量增加,桨距角变化量减小。该策略能满足调频需求,提升调频质量,减小机械磨损,提高风机运行的经济性。The commonly used load reduction and frequency modulation control strategies for directly-driven wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator(D-PMSG)lack the consideration of the operation economy and frequency modulation capability of wind turbines,which easily leads to the problems of insufficient frequency modulation capability or redundant standby power.So we proposed an optimized load reduction and frequency modulation strategy based on variable load reduction rate.Firstly,we divided different wind speed modes,and then established the coordinated control scheme of overspeed and variable pitch under different modes.Secondly,considering the two factors of frequency modulation capacity and power generation,the function was designed to obtain the optimal load reduction rate under different working conditions.Since the wind speed fluctuates frequently and the fan control was delayed,we used the wind speed prediction and sliding window method to further adjust the optimal load reduction rate.Finally,we built the system simulation model,and the load shedding rate was dynamically adjusted to participate in the system frequency modulation through the improved frequency control.The simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can reduce the dynamic deviation of system frequency,prolong the time to reach the lowest value,increase the power generation of the fan and reduce the variation of pitch angle compared with the common strategy under the real-time wind speed and load disturbance.This strategy can meet the demand of frequency modulation,improve the quality of frequency modulation,reduce mechanical wear and increase the economy of fan operation.

关 键 词：直驱永磁风电机组 可变减载率 超速控制 变桨距控制 优化减载控制 

分 类 号：TK81[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]