空间约束下电动汽车无线充电系统磁耦合结构优化  

Optimization of Magnetically Coupled Structure of Wireless Charging System for Electric Vehicles under Space Constraint

作　　者：徐先峰[1] 吴慧玲 杨雄政 卢勇 李陇杰 Xu Xianfeng;Wu Huiling;Yang Xiongzheng;Lu Yong;Li Longjie(College of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学能源与电气工程学院,西安710064

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第12期3581-3588,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB1600200)。

摘　　要：电动汽车无线充电系统在尺寸大小与位置偏移等因素的影响下,会导致系统传输能力下降。为了在空间约束条件下提升系统的输出功率、传输效率及抗偏移能力,针对位置偏移与底盘高度不同的实际情况,在经典D4线圈的基础上分别设计了收发端非对称D4和收发端非对称D4Q双层线圈磁耦合结构,以提高耦合系数和抗偏移能力。在不同方向的偏移和旋转的情况进行仿真测试,表明收发端非对称D4Q双层线圈在出现横向偏移300 mm、纵向偏移400 mm、传输距离230 mm和旋转偏移45°以内具备无线电能传输能力。通过搭建实验平台对偏移进行测试与验证,结果表明,所提出的收发端非对称D4Q磁耦合结构的最大输出功率相对于收发端对称D4磁耦合结构增加约60.34%,最大传输效率增大11%。Electric vehicle wireless charging systems in size and position offset can lead to the degradation of the system transmission capability.The system’s output power,transmission efficiency,and anti-migration ability under space-constraint conditions should be improved while considering the safety of electromagnetic radiation.This paper proposes a double-layer magnetic coupling structure of asymmetric D4 and D4Q coils to improve the coupling coefficient and anti-migration ability.Firstly,the basic magnetic coupling structure model of electric vehicles is defined,and the mutual inductance model of bilateral LCC resonance topology is established.Regarding the space constraint problem,the asymmetric D4 coil is designed to improve the anti-deviation ability.In order to make up for the decrease in coupling coefficient caused by the weakening of magnetic coupling at the middle gap of the magnetic coupling structure,the asymmetric D4 coil magnetic coupling structure is designed based on the D4 coil.Maxwell equations simulate different coil offsets,and the relationship between coupling coefficient and lateral offset,longitudinal offset distance,transmission vertical distance,and rotation Angle offset is analyzed.Four different magnetic coupling structures,namely asymmetric D4 magnetic coupling structure at the receiving and sending end,symmetrical D4 coil magnetic coupling structure at the receiving and sending end,asymmetric D4Q magnetic coupling structure at the receiving and sending end,and rectangular symmetric magnetic coupling structure at the receiving and sending end,are simulated and tested in different directions of migration,rotation,and multiple migrations.The test shows that the asymmetric D4Q double-layer coil can transmit radio energy within a 300 mm transverse offset,400 mm longitudinal offset,230 mm transmission distance,and 45°rotational offset.According to different magnetic coupling structures,a wireless charging experimental system platform is built.Transverse and longitudinal migration tests are car

关 键 词：电动汽车 无线充电 补偿电路拓扑 磁耦合结构 平台搭建 

分 类 号：TM131.41[电气工程—电工理论与新技术] U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]