面向波浪发电优化控制的开关磁阻发电机四象限推力分配策略  

Four-Quadrant Force Sharing Control of Switched Reluctance Generator for the Application of Optimal Wave Energy Conversion

作　　者：林泽川 黄宣睿 肖曦[1] Lin Zechuan;Huang Xuanrui;Xiao Xi(Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京100084

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第12期3670-3678,共9页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFE0205400);国家自然科学基金(U1806224,51977008)资助项目。

摘　　要：直线开关磁阻发电机(LSRG)由于其成本低、可靠性高,十分适合直驱式波浪发电的应用场合。为了提升波浪能的捕获效率,波浪发电装置需要采取优化控制策略来主动地改变浮体-波浪间的相互作用,此类策略要求电机在全部四个象限下具备推力指令跟踪的功能。然而,现有的波浪发电LSRG往往工作在固定开通-关断角的模式下,无法满足这一要求。为此,该文提出一种基于优化推力分配函数的LSRG控制方案,以使电机在四象限下以最小的推力波动实现推力指令跟踪。提出考虑直流电压受限这一约束条件的优化推力分配函数,并进一步讨论其在四象限下的实现方案。搭建LSRG-永磁同步电机对拖实验平台以模拟实际波浪发电工况,在恒定速度、阻尼控制和谐振控制的运行条件下,验证了所提出控制方案的有效性。Linear switched reluctance generators(LSRG)are promising candidates for direct-drive wave energy converters(WECs)due to their low cost and high reliability.The generator should be properly controlled to actively change the wave-body interactions to improve the wave energy capture efficiency.It requires a two-layer,cascaded control scheme:an upper layer is the energy-optimizing controller providing a force command,and a lower layer is the generator controller tracking this command.Because the WEC oscillates with waves,its velocity is bi-directional.Meanwhile,the optimal force is usually not strictly passive but contains reactive components.Consequently,the LSRG should be controlled to track the desired force in all four quadrants.However,existing LSRGs for WECs typically operate with a fixed on-off angle,limiting their ability for energy-optimizing control.Much research focuses on torque(force)tracking with ripple minimization with constant force and constant speed for switched reluctance motors.There is a gap in experimental testing under WEC-specific operation conditions.This paper proposes a four-quadrant force-sharing strategy for LSRGs for WECs.First,two classic energy-optimizing control strategies,i.e.,damping control and reactive control,are introduced,with output force commands linear to the body’s velocity and displacement.Next,the basic model of LSRG is derived,and an exponential-sinusoidal model describing the position-current-force characteristics is adopted.Two basic control methods of LSRG,the constant-current control and the sinusoidal force-sharing control,are introduced.The constant-current control maintains a fixed phase current,resulting in a fluctuating force due to the nonlinear force characteristics.The sinusoidal force-sharing control distributes the total force command into two phases according to a sinusoidal function.Ideally,this produces a constant total force.However,the DC voltage is limited,and an arbitrary current command cannot be tracked in time,so the total force also contains r

关 键 词：波浪发电 直线开关磁阻发电机 推力波动抑制 

分 类 号：TM619[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]