能量选择中子成像技术及其应用  

Energy Selective Neutron Imaging and Its Applications

作　　者：阮世豪 贺林峰[1] 武梅梅[1] 李正耀 王天韵 李玉庆[1] 孙凯[1] RUAN Shihao;HE Linfeng;WU Meimei;LI Zhengyao;WANG Tianyun;LI Yuqing;SUN Kai(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《中国无机分析化学》2024年第6期772-785,共14页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然基金委员会青年基金项目(12305345);中核集团青年英才项目(16FY010260623373);中国原子能科学研究院核物理研究所所长基金资助项目(16SZJJ-202304)。

摘　　要：能量选择中子成像技术是利用特定范围波长(能量)的中子进行成像。在热/冷中子范围内(<25 meV),能量选择中子成像技术主要基于布拉格边效应和衍射机制,相比常规中子成像技术不但可以显著提高图像对比度,而且能分析应变、应力、织构。在超热中子范围内(>1 eV),能量选择中子成像技术主要基于中子共振吸收,中子截面随能量变化是同位素特有的,存在明显的共振吸收峰,因此可以进行同位素的“指纹”识别。概述了能量选择中子成像技术的基本原理及特点、单色化技术及其应用现状,重点探讨了能量选择中子成像技术的应用前景和科学价值。未来,能量选择中子成像技术将在工程、材料、化学、物理、生物、考古等众多科研领域发挥重要作用。Energy-selective neutron imaging technique employs neutrons of specific wavelengths for imaging.In contrast to conventional neutron imaging,energy-selective neutron imaging significantly improves the image contrast and analyzes the stress,strain and texture inside materials,benefiting from the Bragg′s edge effect and diffraction mechanism for the thermal and cold ones(<25 meV).However,it can also be used to realize the “fingerprint” identification of isotopes for those epithermal neutrons(>1 eV),which is due to the neutron resonance absorption mechanism and clear resonance absorption peak by the strong dependence of neutron cross-section of isotope on energy variation.This paper provides an overview of the fundamental principles and characteristics of energy-selective neutron imaging,monochromatization technology and its application status.In particular,this paper focuses on the application prospects and scientific value of energy-elective neutron imaging.In the future,energy-selective neutron imaging will play a more important role in many scientific research fields such as engineering,materials,chemistry,physics,biology,and archaeology.

关 键 词：中子成像 能量选择成像 晶体学表征 无损分析 中子共振吸收 

分 类 号：O657.4[理学—分析化学]