珠江口棘头梅童鱼营养生态位研究  

Trophic niche analysis of Collichthys lucidus in Pearl River Estuary

作　　者：石娟 刘永[1,2] 李纯厚 王腾[1,2] 赵金发 宋晓宇 谢宏宇 SHI Juan;LIU Yong;LI Chunhou;WANG Teng;ZHAO Jinfa;SONG Xiaoyu;XIE Hongyu(South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Re-sources Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Observation and Research Field Station of Pearl River Estuary Ecosystem,Guangdong Province/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510300,China;Scientific Observation and Research Station of Xisha Island Reef Fishery Ecosystem of Hainan Province/Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province/Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute,Sanya 572018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室/广东珠江口生态系统野外科学观测研究站/广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]西沙岛礁渔业生态系统海南省野外科学观测研究站/海南省深远海渔业资源高效利用与加工重点实验室/三亚热带水产研究院,海南三亚572018

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2024年第3期56-65,共10页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0901204,2019YFD0901201);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121201001);广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目课题(2019B030302004-05);农业财政专项(NHZX2024);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2023TD16);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021SD04,2019TS28)。

摘　　要：棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)是重要的小型经济鱼类,为了解其营养结构和食性等特征,于2021和2022年在珠江口水域采集样本,并基于碳、氮稳定同位素(δ13C、δ15N)技术从营养生态位、营养结构指标、食性等角度对其进行研究。结果表明:棘头梅童鱼δ13C为(-18.74±1.41)‰,δ15N为(12.35±0.57)‰,营养级为(3.25±0.17)‰。δ13C在体长小于100.00 mm时随体长增加逐渐上升,之后随体长增加而下降;δ15N在体长<110.00 mm时随体长增加而上升,在110.00~120.00 mm时出现骤降拐点,δ15N最小,之后随体长增加而上升。在体长<100.00 mm和>120.00 mm两阶段的营养多样性较高,营养生态位宽幅较大;在体长100.00~120.00 mm阶段,种群冗余度与均匀度较高,群落内营养生态位分布均匀,拥有相似营养特征的个体占比高。贝叶斯混合模型溯源表明,浮游动物对棘头梅童鱼的食物贡献比例最高。研究结果可为棘头梅童鱼的资源保护与开发提供理论依据。Collichthys lucidus is an important small economic fish,and in order to understand its nutritional structure and die-tary characteristics,we collected samples from the waters of the Pearl River Estuary in 2021 and 2022,and studied them from the perspectives of trophic niche,trophic structure index and feeding habit by on stable isotope technology.The results indicate that theδ13C andδ15N values of C.lucidus were(-18.74±1.41)‰and(12.35±0.57)‰,respectively,with a trophic level of(3.25±0.17)‰.Theδ13C value gradually increased when the body length was less than 100.00 mm,then decreased with the in-crease of body length.Theδ15N value increased with the increase of body length when the body length was less than 110.00 mm,and the inflection point occurred at body length of 110.00–120.00 mm.Theδ15N value was the lowest,and then increased with the increase of body length.When the body length was less than 100.00 mm and more than 120.00 mm,the trophic diversity was high,and the trophic niche width was large.When the body length was 100.00–120.00 mm,the redundancy and evenness were high,and the trophic niche distribution was uniform in the community,and the individuals with similar trophic cha-racteristics accounted for the majority.Bayesian mixing model tracing reveals that the highest food contribution proportion for C.lucidus was from zooplankton.The research provides a theoretical basis for the resource conservation and management of C.lucidus.

关 键 词：棘头梅童鱼 稳定同位素 生态位 营养级 珠江口 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]