海水酸化对黄鳍金枪鱼幼鱼抗氧化和免疫能力的影响  

Effects of acidification stress on antioxidant and immunity in juvenile yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacares)

作　　者：王小燕 周胜杰 汪迎港 孙永跃 李铭浩 马振华[2,3,4,5] WANG Xiaoyan;ZHOU Shengjie;WANG Yinggang;SUN Yongyue;LI Minghao;MA Zhenhua(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China;Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province,Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute,Sanya 572018,China;Hainan Engineering Research Center for Deep-sea Aquaculture and Processing,Sanya 572018,China;International Joint Research Center for Conservation and Application of Fishery Resources in the South China Sea,Sanya 572018,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300 [3]海南省深远海渔业资源高效利用与加工重点实验室,三亚热带水产研究院,海南三亚572018 [4]深远海养殖与加工海南省工程研究中心,海南三亚572018 [5]南海渔业资源保护与应用国际联合研究中心,海南三亚572018

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2024年第3期85-91,共7页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021011);三亚崖州湾科技城科技专项资助(SKJC-2022-PTDX-015);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2023TD58,2024XT04);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2021SD09);海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2024XDNY247)。

摘　　要：大气中过多的二氧化碳(CO_(2))被海水吸收后形成碳酸,增加了海水的酸度。探究海水酸化对黄鳍金枪鱼(Thun-nus albacares)幼鱼抗氧化和免疫能力的影响,以为海洋生态环境和金枪鱼野生种群保护提供参考。以平均体长(18.21±1.09)cm、平均体质量(354.98±149.77)g的黄鳍金枪鱼幼鱼为研究对象,设定pH梯度为8.1、7.6、7.1和6.6,采用静水停食法,测定肝、鳃、红肌和皮肤中的丙二醛(MDA)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化物酶(POD)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和溶菌酶(LZM)的活性。结果显示:48 h后,pH 6.6处理组的幼鱼出现死亡。除对照组外,鳃中SOD、CAT、POD和LZM的活性均高于其他组织(P<0.05),SOD、CAT、POD的活性在pH 7.1时达到峰值,LZM的活性在pH 6.6时达到峰值;皮肤的GSH-Px活性高于其他组织(P<0.05),在pH 7.1时达到峰值;肝的MDA含量累积最多,ACP活性最高(P<0.05),前者在pH 6.6时达到峰值,后者在pH 8.1时达到峰值;红肌的AKP活性显著低于其他组织(P<0.05),且在pH 7.1时达到最低。综上所述,黄鳍金枪鱼幼鱼在海水pH大于7.1时,免疫功能和抗氧化防御系统存在一定的抵抗力,pH小于7.1之后,部分免疫功能出现紊乱。Excess carbon dioxide in atmosphere is absorbed by seawater and then form carbonic acid,which increases seawater acidity.To investigate the effects of seawater acidification on antioxidant and immunity in juvenile yellowfin tuna(Thunnus al-bacares),and to provide references for the protection of marine ecosystems and wild stocks of tuna,we took juvenile yellowfin tuna[Average body length of(18.21±1.09)cm and average body mass of(354.98±149.77)g]as research subjects,and set the pH gradients of 8.1,7.6,7.1 and 6.6 to determine the malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),gluta-thione peroxidase(GSH-Px),peroxidase(POD),acid phosphatase(ACP),alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and lysozyme(LZM)activities.The results show that after 48 h,the juveniles in pH 6.6 group showed mortality.Except for the control group,the activi-ties of SOD,CAT,POD and LZM in gills were higher(P<0.05)than those of the other tissues,with the activities of SOD,CAT and POD peaking at pH 7.1,and the LZM activity peaking at pH 6.6;the GSH-Px activity in skin was higher than that in the other tissues(P<0.05),peaking at pH 7.1.In the liver,the MDA content was the most accumulated and the ACP activity was the highest(P<0.05),with the former peaking at pH 6.6 and the latter peaking at pH 8.1;the AKP activity in red muscle was signifi-cantly lower than that in the other tissues(P<0.05),reaching its lowest level at pH 7.1.The results show that there is some resis-tance of immune function and antioxidant defense system in juvenile yellowfin tuna when seawater pH is above 7.1,but has par-tial immune dysfunction when pH is lower than 7.1.

关 键 词：黄鳍金枪鱼 PH 海水酸化 免疫功能 抗氧化防御系统 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]