3种高原裂腹鱼肝脏组织转录组比较分析  

Transcriptome comparative analysis of liver tissues of three plateau Schizothoracinae fish species

作　　者：郝恬 汤先湖 江守文 吴智超[3,4] 许强华 HAO Tian;TANG Xianhu;JIANG Shouwen;WU Zhichao;XU Qianghua(College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Ocean Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;International Research Center for Marine Biosciences,Ministry of Science and Technology,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]国家海洋生物科学国际联合研究中心,上海201306 [4]水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2024年第3期92-100,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2400800,2018YFC0310600);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772826)。

摘　　要：青藏高原低温、低氧的极端环境特征是生物适应性进化的天然实验室。裂腹鱼亚科鱼类广泛分布于青藏高原附近水域,在长期进化过程中适应了独特的高原环境。为揭示裂腹鱼适应高原环境的关键信号通路,以2种高海拔(>3000 m)的高原裂腹鱼[巨须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax macropogon)、拉萨裂腹鱼(S.waltoni)]和1种低海拔(<1000 m)的原始裂腹鱼[齐口裂腹鱼(S.prenanti)]为研究对象,对3种裂腹鱼的能量代谢主要组织—肝脏进行转录组测序比较分析。通过对高海拔与低海拔裂腹鱼肝脏转录组的比较,在2种高海拔裂腹鱼中找到共同差异变化的基因106个,其中66个基因表达上调,40个下调。GO和KEGG富集分析显示,氧化还原过程、血液发生相关途径、氨基酸的代谢和类固醇的生物合成是高海拔裂腹鱼应对高原环境的最重要途径。其中,氧化还原和血液生成相关基因(如:faxdc2、cpox、cyp51和NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 2)的高表达可能在应对高原环境中发挥着重要作用。该研究为鱼类高原低氧适应的分子机制研究提供了新见解。The extreme environmental features of low temperature and low oxygen on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau provide a na-tural laboratory for the evolution of biological adaptability.The subfamily Schizothoracinae are widely distributed in the water bodies surrounding the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and has adapted to the unique highland environment through long-term evolu-tionary process.In this study,we focused on two high-altitude(>3000 m)Schizothoracinae fish species(Schizothorax macropo-gon and S.waltoni)and one low-altitude(<1000 m)ancestral Schizothoracinae fish species(S.prenanti)to conduct a transcrip-tome sequencing comparative analysis regarding the liver tissues,which is the main energy metabolism organ in fish species.This analysis reveals the key signaling pathways involved in the adaptation of highland Schizothoracinae to high-altitude environ-ment.Comparing the liver transcriptomes of high-altitude with those of low-altitude Schizothoracinae,we identified 106 genes that shared differential changes in expression between the two high-altitude species.Among these genes,66 were upregulated and 40 were downregulated.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis reveals that the most important pathways for high-altitude adap-tation in Schizothoracinae include oxidation-reduction processes,pathways related to blood development,amino acid metabo-lism and steroid biosynthesis.Among them,genes related to oxidation-reduction and blood development(faxdc2,cpox,cyp51,and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 2)with high expression levels might play a crucial role in high-altitude adaptation.The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptation of fish to high-altitude environment.

关 键 词：裂腹鱼 肝脏 转录组分析 高原 低氧 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]