川西扎乌龙地区卡吉亚二云母花岗岩、稀有金属伟晶岩的地球化学、年代学特征及二者的成矿关系  

Geochemistry,monazite geochronology,and metallogenic relation of Kajiya two-mica granite and rare-metal pegmatite in Zhawulong deposit,western Sichuan Province,China

作　　者：高建国 周明召 郑碧海[3,4] 李广伟 靳文楷 章荣清[3,4] 朱文斌[3,4] 许志琴[3,4] GAO Jianguo;ZHOU Mingzhao;ZHENG Bihai;LI Guangwei;JIN Wenkai;ZHANG Rongqing;ZHU Wenbin;XU Zhiqin(Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Sinopec Southwest Oil and Gas Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;Institute of Continental Geodynamics,School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China;State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research,Department of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份公司西南油气分公司勘探开发研究院,四川成都610041 [2]成都理工大学,油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610059 [3]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,大陆动力学研究院,江苏南京210023 [4]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第5期1380-1402,共23页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号92162211,91955203);中国地质调查项目(编号DD240118);南京大学卓越研究计划“川西甲基卡伟晶岩型锂矿科学钻探”联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：锂-铍等稀有金属是中国乃至世界上重要的战略性关键金属矿产,美国、澳大利亚和日本等国早已将其列为禁止出口矿产名录,其战略地位非同一般。中国锂-铍矿产资源丰富,成矿背景优越,但地表第四纪覆盖严重,且分布不均。近年甜水海-松潘-甘孜造山带花岗伟晶岩型锂矿资源逐步被勘探发现,引起国内外学者广泛关注。川西石渠县扎乌龙锂矿作为该造山带中部重要的花岗伟晶岩型锂矿点,厘清该矿床锂资源聚集主控因素及其稀有金属富集规律将为甜水海-松潘-甘孜造山带下一步战略找矿行动提供指导和重要决策依据。本文对扎乌龙地区锂辉石钠长石伟晶岩脉、白云母钠长伟晶岩脉、电气石钠长石伟晶岩脉、卡吉亚二云母花岗岩体以及岩体边部的含电气石细晶岩、十字石黑云母片岩等进行系统采样分析,利用LA-ICP-MS独居石U-Th-Pb同位素定年技术,确定扎乌龙卡吉亚二云母花岗岩形成于晚三叠世213~211 Ma,含电气石细晶岩约形成于210 Ma,白云母钠长石伟晶岩约形成于210~200 Ma,富锂伟晶岩可能在205 Ma集中产出。结合前人年代学资料,综合分析认为扎乌龙矿区由二云母花岗岩、电气石细晶岩到白云母钠长石伟晶岩和锂辉石钠长石伟晶岩形成时代逐步年轻。210 Ma以后,岩浆演化逐步进入岩浆-热液阶段,在约10 Ma时间内发生了持续、多期次的岩浆侵位活动。此外,结合花岗岩向伟晶岩逐步降低的REE、K/Rb、Nb/Ta和Zr/Hf等微量特征值,以及高演化伟晶岩独居石矿物Nd、Eu负异常现象,表明花岗质岩浆的结晶分异作用在扎乌龙伟晶岩稀有金属富集过程中发挥着重要作用。Rare lithium-beryllium metals are critical resources,both nationally and globally.The United States,Australia,and Japan have long listed Li-Be minerals among the raw materials prohibited for export,which only strengthens their strategic potential.In China,Li-Be mineral resources are not only abundant but also possess a superior metallogenic setting.However,their distribution is uneven and often covered by substantial Quaternary deposits.In recent years,field research has shed light on the presence of extensive granitic pegmatite lithium deposits in the Tianshuihai-Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt,thereby capturing the attention of both the domestic and international scholarly communities.The prominent Zhawulong granitic pegmatite lithium deposit in Shiqu County,western Sichuan Province,lies in the middle part of this orogenic belt.Identifying the main controlling factors of lithium resource accumulation and the rules of rare metal enrichment for this deposit will provide a foundation and guidance for the next stage of strategic prospecting along the Tianshuihai-Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt.This study presents a comprehensive analysisof systematically sampled lithologies,including spodumene-albite pegmatite dike,muscovite-albite pegmatite,tourmaline-albite pegmatite dike,Kajiya two-mica granite pluton,fibrous tourmaline aplite,and staurolite-biotite schist from the plutons periphery.LA-ICP-MS monazite U-Th-Pb isotope dating precisely identifies the formation age of the ZhawulongKajiya two-mica granite in the Late Triassic at 213~211 Ma,followed by fibrous tourmaline aplite at~210 Ma,muscovite-albite pegmatite at 210~200 Ma,and Li-rich pegmatite at~205 Ma.Combined with previous geochronological data,our analysis suggests a narrative of progressive formation from the two-mica granite and fibrous tourmaline aplite to the muscovite-albite pegmatite and spodumene-albite pegmatite.After 210 Ma,the magma gradually transitioned to the magma-hydrothermal stage,with an approximate 10 Ma period of continuous and multistage magmati

关 键 词：甜水海-松潘-甘孜造山带 片麻岩穹隆 稀有金属伟晶岩 花岗岩 成矿机制 

分 类 号：P618.7[天文地球—矿床学]