汽油机铝活塞盐芯断裂缺陷分析与改进  

Analysis and Optimization of Salt Core Crack Defects in Aluminum Piston

作　　者：李庭勇 成钢 陈继徳 Li Ting-yong;Cheng Gang;Chen Ji-de(Kolbenschmidt Huayu Piston Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 201814,China)

机构地区：[1]华域科尔本施密特活塞有限公司,上海201814

出　　处：《内燃机与配件》2024年第10期42-45,共4页Internal Combustion Engine & Parts

摘　　要：随着乘用车汽油发动机高升功率、小型化、增压直喷的发展趋势,汽油机活塞普遍也在铸造过程中嵌入盐芯,形成带油冷通道的结构。为了实现高效率低成本,带盐芯活塞的铸造方式逐步发展为全自动化浇铸。相比传统手工浇铸方式,盐芯断裂缺陷是自动化推广中最为突出的问题。通过分析缺陷发生工序、缺陷位置分布,对比盐芯铸造自动作业和手工作业的区别,确认盐芯作业时间不同引起的盐芯孔距收缩与模具不匹配、不同型腔盐芯模具支撑面不一致是造成盐芯断裂的主要原因。通过测试盐芯出炉后的收缩率优化盐芯孔孔距设计、完善盐芯模具生产准备过程,有效解决了盐芯断裂缺陷。With the development trend of high power,miniaturization,and turbocharged direct injection in gasoline engines,the pistons are generally embedded with salt cores during the casting process,forming a structure with oil cooling channels.In order to achieve high efficiency and low cost,the casting method with salt core pistons has gradually developed into fully automated casting.Compared with traditional manual casting methods,salt core crack defect is the main problem in promoting automation.By analyzing the defect occurrence process and defect location distribution,and comparing the differences between automatic and manual salt core casting operations,it is confirmed that the main reasons for salt core cracking are the shrinkage of salt core hole distance mismatch with the mold caused by different salt core operation time,and inconsistent support surfaces of salt core molds in different cavities.By testing the shrinkage rate of the salt core after discharge from the furnace,optimizing the design of the salt core hole distance,and improving the mold preparation process,the salt core crack defects have been effectively solved.

关 键 词：铝活塞 盐芯 断裂缺陷 

分 类 号：U464.133.1[机械工程—车辆工程]