真空蒸馏制备高纯金属的研究进展  

A review of preparing high-purity metals by vacuum distillation

作　　者：许志鹏 贾莉犁 何志强 郭学益 田庆华 Zhi-peng XU;Li-i JIA;Zhi-qiang HE;Xue-yi GUO;Qing-hua TIAN(School of Metallurgy and Environment,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》2024年第5期1634-1654,共21页中国有色金属学报（英文版）

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52104355,52074363,51922108);National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2019YFC1907402,2018YFC1902501)。

摘　　要：随着科学技术的发展,高新技术产业对金属的纯度要求越来越高。然而,痕量杂质的存在会对金属的性能产生不良影响。真空蒸馏工艺因其金属回收率高、环保性能好、设备简单等优点,被广泛应用于制备高纯金属。本文作者围绕真空蒸馏的原理和工艺,系统地总结了高纯金属制备的总体进展。介绍了真空蒸馏的原理、真空蒸馏炉的改进设计、参数优化和仿真模拟。根据该技术制备高纯金属的现状,指出在科学研究中机理研究和仿真模拟是必不可少的。本研究对提高生产效率、节约生产成本及提高金属纯度具有一定的借鉴意义。With the development of science and technology,the high-tech industry has increasingly higher requirements for the purity of metals.However,the presence of trace impurities can have a bad effect on the properties of metals.Vacuum distillation process is widely used to prepare high-purity metals because of its advantages of high metal recovery,good environmental protection and simple equipment.In this paper,the overall progress in the preparation of high-purity metals around the principle and process research of vacuum distillation is systematically summarized.Principles of vacuum distillation,variant design of vacuum distillation,parameter optimization and simulation are covered.Based on the current status of the preparation of high-purity metals by this technology,it is pointed out that mechanistic studies and simulations are indispensable in scientific research.This research has certain reference significance for improving production efficiency,saving production cost and improving metal purity.

关 键 词：真空蒸馏 高纯金属 理论计算 工艺研究 模拟 

分 类 号：TG14[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]