2014—2022年重庆市大足区入托入学查验补种趋势分析  

Trend analysis of vaccination certificate inspection and vaccination of freshmen in kindergartens and primary schools in Dazu District of Chongqing from 2014 to 2022

作　　者：王倩 李正强 李德俊 陈丽剑 廖洁 WANG Qian;LI Zhengqiang;LI Dejun;CHEN Lijian;LIAO Jie(Dazu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 402360,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市大足区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,重庆402360

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第5期521-527,534,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市大足区2014—2022年入托入学儿童查验补种趋势变化,为提高儿童疫苗接种率,建立免疫屏障提供科学依据。方法对2014—2022年重庆市大足区儿童接种门诊上报的入托入学查验和补种数据,采用Excel 2007和SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行描述性流行病学分析,对查验率、漏种率和补种率进行χ^(2)检验,趋势分析的结果用年度变化百分比(annual percent of change,APC)表示。检验水准为α=0.05。结果2014—2022年重庆市大足区入托入学机构查验率均为100.00%,新生查验率与持证率由2014年的95.61%、90.78%增长到100.00%、99.98%,APC分别为0.50%(t=5.58,P=0.001)、0.80%(t=2.74,P<0.001),漏种率以年均30.02%下降(t=6.13,P<0.001),补种完成率变化趋势不明显。小学的入学新生是托幼机构新生数的1.55(97566/62997)倍,托幼机构查验率98.77%(χ^(2)=15.89,P<0.001)和补种完成率88.70%(χ^(2)=38.79,P<0.001)高于小学的98.53%、82.55%,漏种率22.70%(χ^(2)=1670.45,P<0.001)和持证率98.01%(χ^(2)=50.02,P<0.001)低于小学的32.19%、98.48%。托幼机构中,各疫苗剂次补种完成率变化趋势差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);小学机构中,流脑A+C疫苗的补种完成率以年均4.81%增长(t=8.15,P<0.05)。结论重庆市大足区的入托入学查验补种工作取得一定成绩。但仍有不足之处,今后还需多举措加大私立幼儿园的查验和小学生的补种工作。Objective To understand the trend change of vaccination certificate inspection and re-vaccination of freshmen in kindergartens and primary schools in Dazu District from 2014 to2022,so as to provide a scientific basis for improving the vaccination rate of children and establishing the immune barrier.Methods Excel 2007 and SPSS19.0 software were used to make descriptive epidemiological analysis of the data reported from vaccination certificate inspection and vaccination of freshmen in kindergartens and primary schools in Dazu District of Chongqing.Chi-square test was used to compare the inspection rate,missed vaccination rate and supplementary vaccination rate between the nursery and primary schools.Trend analysis was expressed as annual percent of change(APC).The test level wasα=0.05.Results From 2014 to 2022,the inspection rate of admission institutions in Dazu District was 100.00%.The inspection rate and the certificate holding rate of freshmen increased from 95.61%and 90.78%in 2014 to 100.00%and 99.98%,and the APC were0.50%(t=5.58,P=0.001)and 0.80%(t=2.74,P<0.001),respectively.The rate of missed vaccination decreased by 30.02%(t=6.13,P<0.001),the change trend of revaccination rate was not obvious.The number of new students in primary schools was 1.55(97566/62997)times that in nursery schools.The inspection rate 98.77%(χ^(2)=15.89,P<0.001)and supplementary vaccinating rate 88.70%(χ^(2)=38.79,P<0.001)of kindergartens were higher than those in primary schools98.53%、82.55%,and the rate of missed vaccination 22.70%(χ^(2)=1670.45,P<0.001)and holding certificate 98.01%(χ^(2)=50.02,P<0.001)was lower than that of primary schools 32.19%、98.48%.There was no significant difference in the change trend of revaccination rate among different doses in kindergartens(all P>0.05).In primary institutions,the completion rate of A+C vaccine replacement increased by an average of 4.81%(t=8.15,P<0.01).Conclusions Dazu District of Chongqing has made some achievements in the examination and reseeding of kindergartens,but there a

关 键 词：入托入学 查验 补种 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]