2021—2022年度成都市某哨点医院住院重症急性呼吸道感染患者监测结果分析  

Analysis on surveillance results of inpatients with severe acute respiratory infection in a sentinel hospital of Chengdu from 2021 to 2022

作　　者：张磊 黄忠平 徐佳楠[2] 杨慧萍[2] 黄韦唯[3] 潘明 ZHANG Lei;HUANG Zhongping;XU Jianan;YANG Huiping;HUANG Weiwei;PAN Ming(South West Medical University,Luzhou 646000,Sichuan Province,China;Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学,四川泸州646000 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041 [3]成都市疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第5期562-566,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：四川省科技厅项目(项目编号:2022ZDZX0017);四川省科技厅项目(项目编号:2022YFS0637)。

摘　　要：目的了解四川成都市某哨点医院住院重症急性呼吸道病毒感染(SARI)患者的病原谱,为流感阴性患者的诊断处理提供依据。方法对2021年1月至2022年12月收集到的成都市某哨点医院SARI病例咽拭子标本,使用多重荧光PCR的方法进行多种呼吸道病原的检测。采用χ^(2)检验进行组间率的比较(SPSS 26.0软件),检验水准为α=0.05。结果采集到的608例SARI患者标本中,共检出呼吸道病原体阳性的患者300例,总阳性率为49.34%。其中流感嗜血杆菌阳性155例(阳性率为25.49%),腺病毒阳性58例(9.54%),乙型流感病毒阳性45例(7.40%),甲型流感病毒阳性32例(5.30%);混合感染72例(11.84%)。流感病毒集中于秋冬季节,呼吸道合胞病毒主要集中在春季。不同年龄组的感染阳性率比较,差异有统计意义(P<0.001),5~17岁病例病原体检出阳性率最高(80.23%),其次是5岁以下病例(59.17%)等。结论成都市SARI病例的主要病原体为流感嗜血杆菌、流感病毒、腺病毒等。感染不同病原出现不同月份高峰,要做好对18周岁以下年龄组SARI患者的病原监测。SARI病例的多种呼吸道病原体检测,不但能够为医院治疗未知病因呼吸道感染患者带来帮助,而且对SARI的防治与管理有着重要的公共卫生作用。Objective To investigate the pathogen spectrum of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory virus infection(SARI)in a sentinel hospital of Chengdu,Sichuan province,and to providing the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of influenza negative patients.Methods Throat swab samples of SARI cases from a sentinel hospital of Chengdu were collected from January 2021to December 2022,and multiple respiratory pathogens were detected by multiplex fluorescent PCR.And the positive detection rate was compared between groups by Chi-square test(SPSS 26.0),the test levelα=0.05.Results Out of 608 SARI samples collected,300 patients tested positive for respiratory pathogens,with a total positive rate of 49.34%.Of these,155 cases were positive for Haemophilus influenzae(25.49%),58 cases were positive for adenovirus(9.54%),45 cases were positive for influenza B virus(7.40%)and 32 cases were positive for influenza A virus(5.30%);72 cases wrer co-infected(12.0%).Influenza virus was concentrated in autumn and winter,and respiratory syncytial virus was mainly concentrated in spring.The positive rate of infection in different age groups was statistically significant(P<0.001).The positive rate of infection in patients aged 5~17 years was the highest(80.23%),followed by those aged under 5 years(59.17%).Conclusions The main pathogens of SARI cases in Chengdu are haemophilus influenzae,influenza virus and adenovirus.Different monthly peaks of infection with different pathogens should be monitored for SARI patients in the age group under 18 years.Detection of multiple respiratory pathogens in SARI cases can not only help hospitals treat patients with respiratory pathogens of unknown etiology,but also play an important public health role in the prevention and management of SARI.

关 键 词：住院严重急性呼吸道感染 病原检测 多重荧光PCR 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统]