外源酶强化厨余垃圾好氧堆肥降解及氮素转化  

Enhanced aerobic composting degradation and nitrogen conversion of kitchen waste by exogenous enzymes

作　　者：向远昆 何莹莹 张艺蝶 姚全福 谢丽[1] XIANG Yuan-kun;HE Ying-ying;ZHANG Yi-die;YAO Quan-fu;XIE Li(Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,Ministry of Education,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;College of Chemistry and Environment,Hohhot Minzu College,Hohhot 010051,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水环境教育部重点实验室、同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]呼和浩特民族学院化学与环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第5期1015-1020,1026,共7页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1906402);国家自然科学基金(22165010)。

摘　　要：中温淀粉酶、葡萄糖氧化酶及β-葡聚糖酶分别以60 mg/kg的比例加入厨余垃圾好氧堆肥堆体中,考察其对好氧堆肥过程堆肥周期、固氮效果、有机物降解的影响及其潜在机制。结果表明,尽管堆肥过程中三种外源酶添加没有强化高温期的峰值表现,但是中温淀粉酶和葡萄糖氧化酶可以使堆肥有机质降解率提高3.8%~4.1%,这可能归因于酶解预处理导致的酸积累。此外,中温淀粉酶和β-葡聚糖酶有效加速了堆肥的氨化过程,而葡萄糖氧化酶有利于硝态氮的累积,提升硝态氮含量6.0%,表明外源酶会产生酶的连锁反应,分别刺激β-葡萄糖苷酶和脱氢酶的活性。The medium temperature amylase,glucose oxidase andβ-gluconase,which were added to the pile at a ratio of 60 mg/kg.To investigate their effects and potential mechanisms on the composting cycle,nitrogen fixation effect,and organic matter degradation during the aerobic composting process.The results showed that although the addition of three exogenous enzymes did not enhance the peak performance during the high temperature period during the composting process,medium temperature amylase and glucose oxidase could significantly promote an increase in the organic matter degradation rate of compost by 3.8%~4.1%,which may be attributed to acid accumulation caused by enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment.In addition,medium temperature amylase andβ-gluconase effectively accelerated the ammonification process of compost,while glucose oxidase was beneficial for the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen,significantly increasing the nitrate nitrogen content by 6.0%.The results indicated that exogenous enzymes can produce a chain reaction of enzymes,stimulating each other separatelyβ-gluconase and dehydrogenase.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 好氧堆肥 外源酶添加 有机物降解 酶活性 

分 类 号：TQ441[化学工程—化学肥料工业] TQ444